Lecture 3 Olympics

Question 1

62 yr old who smokes one pack of cigarettes a day and whose food intake records reveal a minimal intake of vitamin C foods is most likely be at risk for

Answer 1

easily bruising and pinpoint hemorrhages

Question 2

a basic mechanism for maintaining body hydration is

Answer 2

thirst

Question 3

a deficiency of Vitamin A may result in

Answer 3

night blindness

Question 4

a folic acid deficiency induces a form of anemia called

Answer 4

megaloblastic anemia

Question 5

a food that enhances nonheme iron absorption is

Answer 5

orange juice

Question 6

a patient who is experiencing severe diarrhea and vomiting would have

Answer 6

increased body water requirements

Question 7

A person is most likely to have a high body water content if he or she is

Answer 7

a body builder

Question 8

A potassium deficiency may be caused by

Answer 8

food poisoning

Question 9

A vitamin D deficiency in growing children that results in the malformation of skeletal tissue, especially the long bones, is referred to as

Answer 9

rickets

Question 10

a vitamin that behaves more like a hormone than a vitamin is vitamin

Answer 10

D

Question 11

A young woman who is interested in becoming pregnant should be counseled on healthy eating choices, especially regarding folate-rich foods, which may help prevent

Answer 11

neural tube defects

Question 12

An acid has a pH

Answer 12

lower than 7.0

Question 13

an alcoholic is most likely to be deficient in

Answer 13

thiamin

Question 14

An athlete who increases his or her intake of pasta will also increase his or her need for

Answer 14

thiamin

Question 15

an example of cation is

Answer 15

sodium

Question 16

an example of an electrolyte is

Answer 16

potassium

Question 17

an important function of sodium is

Answer 17

water balance

Question 18

an important function of vitamin A is to

Answer 18

help form rhodopsin in the eye

Question 19

cations primarily responsible for controlling body water distribution are

Answer 19

sodium and potassium

Question 20

chloride is incorporated into

Answer 20

gastric secretions

Question 21

fish liver oils are a good source of

Answer 21

vitamin d

Question 22

for a compound to be classified as a vitamin, it must

Answer 22

perform a vital function

Question 23

for osmosis to occur there must be

Answer 23

a semipermeable membrane

Question 24

functions of water in the body include

Answer 24

temperature control

Question 25

minerals are

Answer 25

elements

Question 26

most of the body’s sodium is found in

Answer 26

water outside the cells

Question 27

oral rehydration therapy is preferred over intravenous therapy for fluid replacement caused by diarrhea because it

Answer 27

is more readily available

Question 28

plasma proteins and electrolytes are examples of solutes

Answer 28

found in body fluids that influence the movement of water

Question 29

processed foods supply a large percent of what mineral

Answer 29

sodium

Question 30

recommended intakes for vitamin d are difficult to establish because

Answer 30

exposure to sunlight varies

Question 31

spinach, carrots, and sweet potatoes are good sources of

Answer 31

beta-carotene

Question 32

synthesis of the active hormonal form of vitamin D is the result of the combined action of the

Answer 32

skin, liver, and kidney

Question 33

The B vitamin predominantly found in foods of animal origin is

Answer 33

cobalamin

Question 34

the disease associated with niacin deficiency is

Answer 34

pellagra

Question 35

The electrolyte present in the most abundance in gastric digestive fluids is

Answer 35

chloride

Question 36

the factors most responsible for regulating calcium absorption from food are

Answer 36

Vitamin D hormone, calcitonin, and parathyroid hormone

Question 37

the fat-soluble vitamin responsible for the synthesis of blood-clotting factors by the liver is vitamin

Answer 37

K

Question 38

the function of all B-complex vitamins is to

Answer 38

function as coenzymes

Question 39

the hormone responsible for promoting conservation of sodium in the kidney is

Answer 39

aldosterone

Question 40

the hormone that conserves body water is

Answer 40

the antidiuretic hormone

Question 41

the kidneys clean the blood by

Answer 41

filtration

Question 42

the kidneys must excrete water in the urine because

Answer 42

water provides the vehicle for excretion of waste products

Question 43

the last organ involved in the production of the physiologically active form of vitamin D is the

Answer 43

kidney

Question 44

the main dietary source of iodine is

Answer 44

iodized table salt

Question 45

the main function of fluoride is to

Answer 45

prevent dental caries

Question 46

the major mineral in water inside cells is

Answer 46

potassium

Question 47

the organic molecule responsible for creating colloidal osmotic pressure is

Answer 47

protein

Question 48

the person most at risk for developing osteoporosis is a

Answer 48

35 yr old woman who has sustained multiple trauma and is bedridden

Question 49

the person most at risk for vitamin D deficiency is a

Answer 49

62 year old woman who lives in a cold climate and rarely goes outdoors

Question 50

the primary function of vitamin D is to regulate the absorption and metabolism of the minerals

Answer 50

calcium and phosphorus

Question 51

the term extracellular fluid includes

Answer 51

plasma and tissue secretions

Question 52

the three body systems that cam be affected by a thiamin deficiency are the

Answer 52

nervous, cardiovascular, and gastrointestinal systems

Question 53

two minerals that occur in the extracellular fluid and regulate water balance are

Answer 53

sodium and chloride

Question 54

the two minerals that occur in the water outside cells and regulate water balance are

Answer 54

sodium and chloride

Question 55

the vitamin most closely associated with protein metabolism is

Answer 55

pyridoxine

Question 56

the vitamin that is destroyed by light is

Answer 56

riboflavin

Question 57

the ways in which water solutes move across membranes include

Answer 57

diffusion and filtration

Question 58

there is a metabolic partnership between vitamin E and

Answer 58

selenium

Question 59

trace minerals are called trace elements because they are

Answer 59

found in small quantities in the body

Question 60

treatment for diarrhea in children is to

Answer 60

give an age-appropriate diet along with oral fluids that contain sodium, potassium, sugar, and sodium bicarbonate

Question 61

two foods that are commonly fortified with vitamin D are

Answer 61

milk and margarine.

Question 62

vitamin C deficiency is associated with

Answer 62

scurvy

Question 63

Vitamin E protects membranes because it acts as

Answer 63

an antioxidant

Question 64

water formed from metabolism comes from

Answer 64

the oxidation of nutrients in the cells

Question 65

water retention would be the result of which of the following hormones

Answer 65

the antidiuretic hormone

Question 66

what is an example of a substance that can pass through a capillary membrane

Answer 66

glucose

Question 67

what is the most important source of riboflavin in the united states

Answer 67

milk

Question 68

what is the predominant regulator of circulating blood volume

Answer 68

plasma proteins

Question 69

which of the following diets can help ensure adequate and balanced vitamin intake

Answer 69

a varied diet composed of all food groups eaten in moderate portions

Question 70

which of the following foods would be most important to assist with thyroxine synthesis ?

Answer 70

iodized table salt