Lecture 1 Flashcards
When exercising…
…one is under the catabolic state of metabolism
Weight management:
-Exercise 30 minutes most days to prevent chronic disease
-Exercise 60 minutes/ day to prevent weight gain
-Exercise 60-90 minutes for a sustain weight loss
Dietary Reference Intakes:
-300 mg of Cholesterol
-25 grams of fiber
-2000 mg of sodium
Monosaccharide:
Glucose, Galactose, Fructose
When you add Glucose to Glucose, what Disaccharide do you get?
Maltose
When you add Glucose to Galactose, what Disaccharide do you get?
Lactose-
When you add Glucose to Fructose, what Disaccharide do you get?
Sucrose
A diet high in dietary fiber decreases your risk for which diseases?
- Lower blood cholesterol
- Prevent constipation and colon cancer
- Increasing satiety and prevent obesity
- Decrease incidence of diverticulosis
- Formation Stools
- Symbiosis : Vit K
Normal Values:
- Cholesterol (<200mg/d)
- T6 (<150mg/d)
- LDL (<100)
- HDL (>6)
What is food used for?
Used for energy - ATPs
Dietary fiber per day:
Men 38g/ day
Women 25g/ day
What are simple carbohydrates?
Monosaccharides
Disaccharides
Complex Carbohydrates:
Starch
Glucose
Cellulose
Bile Acids is also known as
Bile Salts
Bile =
Bile + Cholesterol + Bile Acid + H2O + Electrolytes
Cholestorol:
- Cell membrane
- Aldosterone
- Cortisol
- Estrogen
- Progesterone
- Testosterone
- Produce Bile Acid
- Vitamin D
What is Entero-Hepatic Circulation?
Bile Acid Recycling
Intestine / Liver Circulation known as:
Entero-Hepatic Circulation
Hydrolysis
Water with carbohydrates
Fat is also called
LIPIDS
Lipids include:
Fatty Acids: Saturated/Unsaturated, Triglycerides, Cholesterol
Liver produces:
Cholesterol
Synthesize:
Production
Fat should not exceed:
20 to 30 percent of total kilocalories
What effects your nutrition?
- SES: Social economic
What is oxygen for?
For metabolic reactions to produce ATPs and protein
Does food cure any disease?
No, it only prevents it
Water
Median where chemical reactions happen
What effects your nutrition?
Social Economic Status (SES)
Patterns of consumption
Demographic
Learning environment
Family patterns
Cultural and Social
Socio political
Economic changes
Process of nutrition…
…involves in taking, assimilating and using nutrients
What is health?
Absence of disease
Traditional:
Attempts to change when illness already exists (Treat diseases only when showing signs and symptoms)
Preventive:
Identifies risk factors (Avoiding future disease)
Macronutrients:
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Fats
Micronutrients:
Vitamins and minerals
Additional to the 4 components to nutrients (not macro/micro)
Water, Fiber
Signs of Good nutrition:
Alertness
Well developed
Ideal weight
Percentage of food selection needed:
45-65% carbohydrates
10-35% protein
20-35% fats
Carbohydrates:
are the source of fuel
Protein:
Provides Amino Acid for tissue muscle building and repairing
Vitamins are also called
COENZYMES
When a patient requires a nutrition assessment… The most appropriate professional to perform assessment is:
Registered Dietician
Vitamins and minerals:
Are the main nutrients involving in metabolic regulation
Vitamin C for developing Collogen
Ca++ and phosphorous building and maintaining bone
Malnutrition:
Reserves depleted
Overnutrition
Excess nutrition
The goal of the MyPlate food guide is to promote:
variety, proportion, moderation, gradual, improvements and physical activity
What is the main form of storage for Carbohydrates?
Glycogen
Soluble fiber:
Non cellulose polysaccharides
Carbohydrates:
fruits (2 cups per day)
Classes of fats:
-Lipids
-Glycerides (triglycerides)
-Fatty acids
-Lipoproteins
Catabolism:
Breakdown
Anabolism:
resynthesis
