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Nutrition > Lecture 3 Notes > Flashcards

Lecture 3 Notes Flashcards

1
Q

Vitamins are…

A

…noncaloric essential nutrients necessary for many metabolic tasks and the prevention of associated deficiency diseases.

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2
Q

Most deficiencies are associated with

A
  • Malabsorption
  • Alcoholism
  • Medications
  • Hemodialysis
  • Total Parenteral Nutrition
  • Food Faddism
  • Inborn error of metabolism
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3
Q

Fat soluable:

A

Vitamins: A, D, E, K
Easier to be absorbed. Deposited in adipose tissue and liver

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4
Q

Water soluable:

A

Vitamins: B,C
Not stored, must be eaten on a regular basis

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5
Q

PPN

A

Superficial

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6
Q

TPN

A

Deep Vein

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7
Q

Entero

A

PO

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8
Q

Parenteral

A

IV, SC, IM

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9
Q

Dietary Reference Intake

A

Sodium: 2000
Cholesterol: 300
Fiber: 25

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10
Q

How many vitamins?

A

14

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11
Q

Vitamin A

A

retinol, retinoic acid, Isotretinoin, keratin

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12
Q

Acne

A

Comedon, excess of testosterone

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13
Q

Deficiency of Vitamin A

A

Xerophthalmia (dry eye)
Xerostomia (dry skin)

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14
Q

Vitamin A food source

A

Carrots

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15
Q

Vitamin D

A

Cholecalciferol
- made by cholesterol

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16
Q

Deficiency of Vitamin D

A

Decrease bone growth
*Rickets (children)
*Osteomalacia (adults)

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17
Q

Vitamin E

A

Tocopherol
- Antioxidant

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18
Q

Vitamin E deficiency

A

Hemolytic anemia

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19
Q

If you have surgery:

A

Stop Vitamin E 1 week before surgery

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20
Q

Vitamin K

A

Blood clotting
food source: green leafy veggies (kale and spinach)

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21
Q

Vitamin K deficiency

A

Ecchymosis (bruising)

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22
Q

Vitamin C

A

Ascorbic Acid
*Collagen

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23
Q

Vitamin C deficiency

A

Scurvy

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24
Q

Vitamin B1

A

Thiamine
-participate in production of ATPs
- Forms GABA

25
Q

Vitamin B1 (thiamine) deficiency

26
Q

Vitamin B1 (thiamine) deficiency

A

Wernicke-Koraskoff

27
Q

Vitamin B2

A

Riboflavin
* Help produce more ATPs

28
Q

Vitamin B2 food source

29
Q

Vitamin B2 deficiency

A

2C’s 1G
-Cheilosis
- Corneal Vascularization
- Glossitis

30
Q

Vitamin B3

A

Niacin
- Helps produce ATP’s

31
Q

Vitamin B3 deficiency

A

Pellagra
(4 D’s)
-D

32
Q

Vitamin B4

A

Choline
- Produce neuro transmitters
- Produce ATPs

33
Q

Vitamin B5

A

Pantothenic Acid
- Promote cell division
- Produce neuro transmitters

34
Q

Vitamin B6

A

Pyridoxine

35
Q

Vitamin B6 deficiency

36
Q

Vitamin B7

A

Biotin
Vit H
*Produced by flora

37
Q

Vitamin B9

A

Folate, Folic Acid
- Helps with cell division for DNA synthesis

38
Q

Vitamin B9 deficiency

A

Neural Tube Defects (NTB)

39
Q

Vitamin B12

A

Cobalamin
-Used for RBC cell division

40
Q

Vitamin B12 deficiency

A

Pernicious anemia

41
Q

Complex B

A

All Vitamin B 1-9, 12

42
Q

Vitamin B

A
  • Promote production of ATPs
  • Cell division
  • Production of Neurotransmitters
43
Q

Calcium

44
Q

Phosphorus

45
Q

Sodium

A

135-145
- Water balance

46
Q

Sulfur

A

Connective tissue

47
Q

Trace Elements

A

<100 mg/ day
-Iron
-Iodine
-Zinc
-Cobalt

48
Q

Iron

A

Absorbed in the duodenum

49
Q

Iodine

50
Q

Zinc deficiency

A

Poor wound healing

51
Q

Selenium

A

regulate T3 & T4

52
Q

Other trace element

53
Q

Water

A

60% in adults
80% in children
55% in elderly

54
Q

Intra cellular

A

Potassium
Phosphorus

55
Q

Extra cellular

A

Sodium
Chloride

56
Q

Element=Mineral

A

loss of e-

57
Q

Normal Values:

A

pH : 7.35-7.45
Na+: 135-145
K+: 3.5-5.0
CO2: 35-45
HCO3-: 22-26
Mg++: 1.5-2.5
Cl-: 95-104

Nutrition (15 decks)

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