Lecture 2 Olympics

Question 1

A client weighs 130 lbs. She is close to her desirable weight and consumes a total of 40g of protein/ day. The most appropriate nutritional counseling would be to

Answer 1

increase her protein intake…

(Recommended dietary allowance for protein for both men and women is set at 0.8g of high-quality protein per kilogram of desirable body weight per day.

130lbs divided by 2.2 lbs/kg = 59kg body weight

59kg x 0.8g protein/kg = 47g protein/ day.

clients protein intake is lower than her estimated needs.

Question 2

Energy is lost from the body as

Answer 2

Heat

Question 3

The basal metabolic rate is controlled by the hormone

Answer 3

thyroxine

Question 4

Conversion of amino acids to glucose is called

Answer 4

Gluconeogenesis

Question 5

Gas formation in the colon is the result of

Answer 5

bacterial action on undigested items

Question 6

The surface of the intestinal wall has mucosal folds, villi, and microvilli to

Answer 6

increase the surface area for absorption

Question 7

The sum of basal metabolism, energy expended in physical activity, and the thermic effect of food is known as:

Answer 7

the total energy requirement

Question 8

Protein plays an important role in the body

Answer 8

in defense against disease and infection

Question 9

The primary nutritional function of the large intestine is the

Answer 9

absorption of water

Question 10

In the mouth, protein foods are

Answer 10

broken up mechanically by chewing

Question 11

What is the food that is the best source of indispensable amino acids?

Answer 11

Turkey

Question 12

The element that is contained in proteins but not in carbohydrates or lipids is

Answer 12

nitrogen

Question 13

The total number of kilocalories in a snack that contains 10g carbohydrate, 2g protein, and 5g fat is _____ kcal

Answer 13

93

10g carbohydrate x 4kcal/g = 40kcal
2g protein x 4kcal/g = 8kcal
5g fat x 9kcal/g = 45kcal
Total calories = 40kcal + 8kcal + 45kcal = 93kcal

Question 14

The unit of measurement used to refer to the amount of energy in food is the

Answer 14

kilocalorie

Question 15

Bile contains

Answer 15

Emulsifiers

Question 16

After digestion, fatty materials are absorbed into the

Answer 16

lacteals

Question 17

The hormone that stimulates the pancreas to release its secretions is

Answer 17

secretin

??cholecystokinin??

Question 18

A pizza slice is being consumed be a hungry teen. The first actions of biting, chewing, and breaking up the slice into smaller particles are called

Answer 18

mastication

Question 19

Metabolically active tissues in the body include

Answer 19

the heart, kidneys, and liver

Question 19

The number of kilocalories from protein in a sandwich that contains 24g protein is _____kcal

Answer 19

96

each gram of protein has 4kcal, so 24g x 4kcal =96kcal

Question 20

An example of a gastric secretion is

Answer 20

hydrochloric acid

Question 21

A food that begins chemical digestion in the mouth is

Answer 21

bread

Question 22

Two types of protein in the body are ______ protein and ______ protein.

Answer 22

tissue and plasma

Question 23

Very high intakes of animal protein may lead to

Answer 23

increased body weight and blood lipid levels

Question 24

The process of digestion involves

Answer 24

mechanical and chemical actions

Question 25

The phase of metabolism that makes growth and repair possible is

Answer 25

anabolism

Question 26

Energy expenditure is increased by

Answer 26

physical exercise

Question 27

When energy intake exceeds energy expenditure, the result can be

Answer 27

weight gain

Question 28

Proteins are built from simpler organic compounds called

Answer 28

amino acids

Question 29

The person requiring the highest energy needs per unit of body weight is a

Answer 29

15 year old boy

Question 30

The grams of high quality protein required daily for and individual who weighs 170lbs and is close to ideal body weight would be ______g.

Answer 30

61.8

Question 31

The estimated daily basal metabolic rate for a man who weighs 150lbs is _____ kcal.

Answer 31

1636

Question 32

If the excretion of nitrogen exceeds the nitrogen intake, the condition is called

Answer 32

negative nitrogen balance

Question 33

Compared with the pH in the stomach, the pH in the small intestine is

Answer 33

higher

Question 34

A protein that contains all indispensable amino acids in the correct proportion and ratio is

Answer 34

a complete protein

Question 35

The number of amino acids that are indispensable for human beings is

Answer 35

9

Question 36

Which of the following conditions might result in the greatest catabolism?

Answer 36

Multiple trauma with extensive organ damage

Question 37

An animal protein that has relatively little value as a dietary protein source when eaten alone is.

Answer 37

gelatin

Question 38

The sum of all the chemical changes that an organism performs to maintain its life and produce energy is called

Answer 38

metabilsm

Question 39

The first source of stored energy to be used during a period of fasting is

Answer 39

glycogen

Question 40

An activity that results in increased energy expenditure is

Answer 40

cleaning the house

Question 41

The rhythmic contractions of the stomach and intestine that propel food along are called

Answer 41

peristalsis

Question 42

What is the nutrient that does not provide energy for the body...

Answer 42

a vitamin

Question 43

the bodys sources of stored energy include

Answer 43

adipose tissue

Question 44

after absorption, the end products of carbohydrate and protein digestion enter the

Answer 44

blood system

Question 45

The primary function of protein in the diet is to supply

Answer 45

material for growth and maintenance

Question 46

Protein catabolism is increased in conditions such as

Answer 46

illness

Question 47

Proteins are mostly absorbed as

Answer 47

amino acids

Question 48

Proteins form plant sources that are classified as incomplete include

Answer 48

wheat, peanuts, and corn

Question 49

Dietary fiber is beneficial because it

Answer 49

adds bulk to feces

Question 50

The amount of energy the body needs to maintain life while at digestive, physical, and emotional rest is called

Answer 50

the basal metabolic rate.

Question 51

Two organs that work with the small intestine in the digestion are the

Answer 51

pancreas and liver

Question 52

After ingested food is mixed and churned with gastric secretions, the semifluid mass is called

Answer 52

chyme