Lecture 2- Abdominal wall muscles

Question 1

layers of the abdominal wall

Answer 1

skin

fascia/fat (superficial and deep)

3x (paired) anterolateral muscle

1x paired verticle muscle

Question 2

3x paired anterolateral muscles

Answer 2

external oblieuq

internal obliqe

transverse abdominis

Question 3

1 x paired vertical muscle

Answer 3

rectus abdominis

Question 4

external obliew

Answer 4

• The muscle spans from the 5-th to the 12^th rib inserting medially on

the iliac crest, inguinal ligament (tendonous area- aponeurosis)and the linea alba

• The attachment to the Inguinal ligament is from the aponeurosis of this muscle- inguinal ligament is formed from the inferior portion of the external oblique and roles up to form a thicker portion- the inguinal ligament
  
  • Inguinal ligaments forms between the ASIS to the pubic tubercle

Question 5

action of the external oblique

Answer 5

• Flex the trunk
• Rotate the core
• Compress abdominal viscera

Question 6

internal oblique

Answer 6

• Origin of the lateral portion of the inguinal portion, the ililac crest and the thoracolumbar fascia

The fibres are perpendicular to that of the external oblique

• Inserts into the ¾ rib and the linea alba and some insert into the pubic crest

Question 7

action of the internal oblique

Answer 7

• Compress abdominal viscera
• Flex the drunk
• When we contract one side- ipsilateral rotator

Question 8

transverse abdominus

Answer 8

• Costal cartilage of the lower ribs, thoracolumbar fascia, medial lip of the inguinal ligament
• Fibres run more horizontal than the other abdominal muscles
• Peritoneal cavity
• Aponeurosis blends with linea alba
• Lower fibres of the transvers abdominus muscle attach at the outer crest along with the internal oblique

Question 10

action of the transverse abdominus

Answer 10

• Compress the abdominal contents
• Core stability

Question 11

nerve supply (external, internal, transverse)

Answer 11

• Anterior rami (T7-T12)

Internal oblique and transverse abdominus +L1

Question 12

rectus abdominus

Answer 12

• paired muscle that runs vertically
• originates from the pubic crest, tubercle and symphysis and inserts on the costal cartilage of ribs 5-7 and xiphoid process

Question 13

tendinous intersection of the rectus abdominus …

Answer 13

think six pack

Question 14

relationship between the external, internal, transverse and rectus abdominis

Answer 14

• Cross section showing the external, internal, transverse and rectus abdominis interactionà the rectus sheath
  
  • Aponeurosis envelop the paired rectus abdominis muscles
  • Linea albus in the middle

Question 15

rectus sheath above arcuate line

Answer 15

Above the arcuate line

• Have external O on top
• Internal O enveloping the RA
• Transverse below

Question 16

rectus sheath below arcuate line

Answer 16

Below the arcuate line

• All external O, internal O and transverse A are above the RA
• Transversalis fascia and parietal peritoneum below the RA

Question 17

aponeurosis

Answer 17

thin sheet like tendon

• external O, internal O and transverse abdominus have them

these lateral muscles have aponeurosis that envelops the midline rectus abdominus muscle

Question 18

rectus sheath

Answer 18

aponeurosis of the lateral muscles surrounding the rectus abdominis