Lecture 13- Liver anatomy Flashcards
liver is the
largest internal organ (1.5kg)
sits
in the right hand side of the body
main function
- digestive function-bile
- nutrient processing
- detoxidication
- cholesterol production
- nutrient storage- fats and glycogen
- blood sugar regulation
abdominopelvic regions
can be divided into 6
which regions does the liver fall into
- right hypochondriac region
- epigastric region
- left hypochrondriac region
superior border of the liver sceletopia (relation to the ribs)
starts at the level or the tenth rib and extends at the 4th intercostal and then goes to the 5th intercostal space (left sternal border) and ends at the 6th itnercostal space
inferior border of the liver sceletopia (relation to the ribs)
starts at the 10th rib on the right and goes up to the level of the 8th 9th rib, then extends further to where th cartilage of 8th rib meets cartilage of the 9th rib and up to the 6th intercostal space
posteirorly the liver will be found
between the T9-T11
how is the liver positioned in relation to other organs
superior border= diaphragmatic surface
- diaphgram rests on it
inferior borer= visceral surface
- pylrous of the stomach
- upper part of the duodenum
- colon
- right kindey
- osophagus and stomach
What separates the 2 right and left lobe of the liver
ligamentum falciforme
the whole of the liver is covered in peritoneum, ligaments and fat bar the
area nauda (bare area) on the top of the liver
diaphragm lies directly on top of the place
right saggital groove formed by the
fossa for inferior vea cava
fossa for gallbladder
separates the right lobe
left saggital grove formed by the
ligamentum teres hepatis (round ligament)
and
ligamentum venosum
these 2 ligaments form left saggital groove which separates the left lobe fromt he rest of the lobes
transverse groove lies in the
porta hepatica
what does the transverse groove do
separates the caudate lobe(superior) from the quadrate lobe (inferior)
(think cross in H between right and left saggital groove)
anteriorly how many lobes can be seen
2- separated by the falciform ligament (ligamentum falciforme)
posteriorly how many lobes can be seen
4
- left
- right
- caudate
- quadrate
porta hepatis
short deep depression (synonymus with the transverse groove) where a number of sturctures come out of:
- common hepatic duct
- hepatic protal vein
- hepatic artery proper
- hepatic lymph nodes
- hepatic plesu- nerves
All embrased by the hepatoduodenal ligament
what covers the liver to protect it
tunica fibrosa and the peritoneum
reduces friction from surrounding structures
area nauda
ligaments around the liver: ligaments to the diaphragm
- lig. falciform hepatis
- lig. coronaires hepatis
- lig. triangulares D (right) /S (left)
ligaments around the liver: ligaments to organs
- lig. hepatogastricum
- lighepatoduodenale
- lig hepatorenae
- lig teres hepatis
lig. falciform hepatis
connects the liver to the anterior wall
ligamentum coranarium
connects the liver to the diaphragm (in the middle of this is the are nauda)
ligament triangulare left and right
looks triangular
left ligament triangulare= sinistrum
right ligament triangulare= dextrum
all the ligaments that go to other organs from the liver start from
porta hepatis
lig hepatogastricum
goes from the liver to the stomach
ligasment hepatoduodenale
from porta hepatis to the duodenum- bile duct veins nerve artieres
lig hepatorenal
goes from liver to kidney
lig teres hepatis
round ligament - projects antieorly extending from porta hepatis to the umbilical ring (naval)
how the liver develps from embyro to new born
signifant growth
embryologically why does the bare area exist
- Liver develops within two sheets of the ventral Mesentry of the foregut- most of the liver is intraperitonealà shiny. However bare area of liver not covered by peritoneum, sitting right under the diaphragm
how many functional sections of the liver
8
infeiror view of the kindey- from lookinh underneither
porta hepatis can be compared to the
- Like the hilum of the kidneys and spleen
- Area where blood vessels come in and the bile ducts come out
- Contents of porta hepatis (DAVE)
- Ductsà summation of lots of different bile ducts from bile canaliculi that the hepatocyte make à come out of the liver as the left and right hepatic ducts
- Arteries
- Veins e.g. portal veins which drain into the IVC
- Epiploic foramen
view of superior surface
- Rough area= the bare area not covered in peritoneum
internal anatomy of the liver
