Lecture 1 -Brief introduction to the GI tract

Question 1

function of the mouth

Answer 1

◦ Physical breakdown of food

◦ Initial digestive enzymes released ◦ Infection control

Question 2

fucntion of the oesophagus

Answer 2

◦ Rapid transport of bolus to stomach through thorax
◦ UOS
◦ Prevents air from entering GI tract
◦ LOS
◦ helps prevents reflux into oesophagus

Question 3

function of stomach

Answer 3

◦ Storage facility
◦ To produce chyme
◦ Physical breakdown
◦ Chemical breakdown
◦ Digestion started
◦ Storage
◦ Infection control (HCL)
◦ Secrete intrinsic factor(Vit B12)

Question 4

function of duodenum

Answer 4

◦ Neutralisation/osmotic stabilisation of chyme ◦ HCO3 rich secretions
◦ Digestion wrapping up
◦ Pancreatic secretions ◦ Bile

Question 5

function of the large bowel

Answer 5

◦ Final water absorption
◦ Temporary storage
◦ Final electrolyte absorption
◦ Some bile salt absorption
◦ Production of some SCFAs

Question 6

function of the rectum/anus

Answer 6

defaecation

Question 7

list the order of the small bowel

Answer 7

duodenum, jejunum and ileum

Question 8

difference between jejunum and ileum

Answer 8

no anatomical division but the jejunum is wider and has more folds

Question 9

list the order of the large intestine

Answer 9

cecum, ascednind, trnasverse, descending, sigmoid colon, rectum anus

Question 10

what causes us to feel the sensation of needing to defacate

Answer 10

stretch recpetors within the wall of the rectum

Question 11

the pelvic and abdominal cavity are

Answer 11

continuous