Lecture 2 Flashcards
what makes humans hard to study
complexity, variability, reactivity
empiricism
learn about something by observing it
scientific approach
theory, hypothesis, gather evidence, modify theory
ways to collect data
case study, observational study, psychological tests, surveys
case study
a detailed description of an individual
observational study
researcher observes, measures, records behavior while trying to avoid intruding on the people being observed
naturalistic vs laboratory
problems with observational
presence of observes changes behavior of people
only correlational and not causal
psychological tests
measure personality traits, emotional states, IQ, ablitiies
Proactive tests vs standardized tests
tests must be
reliable and valid
must score relatively the same no matter the day/time and must measure what it sets out to measure
surveys
questionnaires and interviews that gather info by asking people directly about their experiences attitudes and opinions
problems with surveys
volunteer bias
people lie
researcher bias
types of studies
correlational studies
experiments
correlational studies
a descriptive study that looks for a consistent relationship between two phenomena
experiment
a controlled test of a hypothesis in which a researcher manipulates on variable to discover if effect on another
solutions to problems with experiments
single blind study (participant does not know)
double blind study ( neither reserch nor participant study)
