Lecture 17 Osteoporosis Flashcards
Etiology of OSP: inadequate ____ ____ mass and increased ____ ____
peak bone; bone loss
in OSP, there is greater activity of _____ (resorbs bone) than _____ (replaces bone
oscteoclast, osteoblast
Thinning of _____ and loss of ____ ____ leaves an artitecturally weakened structure with significantly reduced mass –>increased risk of fracture
trabeculae, trabecular plates
Most common fractures seen in osteoporosis; (3)
vertebral, femoral neck, distal radius
OSP affects ____, typically over ___ years of age (due to loss of ____)
women, 50; estrogen
____gonadal states such as menopause in women or androgen____ in men predispose to OSP
hypo; insensitivity
corticosteroid ____ and ____parathyroidism are associated with OSP
excess, hyper
PPI’s may decrease ____ absorption–>OSP
anticoagulants such as ____ are associated
____, an anti-estrogen used for breast cancer is also associated
calcium
heparin
tamoxifen
Prior to fracture, what are the physical findings seen?
typically none
Fractures of the dorsal spine may cause ____
kyphosis
Main screening/diagnostic study?
what does it measure?
DEXA scan; bone density
Other imaging that is recommended
Vertebral x-ray/imaging
What is a marker of bone resportion/turnover?
alkaline phosphatase
in multiple myeloma causing OSP, there will be an elevated ____
ESR
A DEXA T score of what indicates osteopenia:
A DEXA T score of osteoporosis is what?
between -1 and -2.5
less than -2.5
