Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

ANAT 316 Term 1 > Lecture 10 - Pharynx and Larynx > Flashcards

Lecture 10 - Pharynx and Larynx Flashcards

1
Q

functions of pharynx

A
  • shared passageway for both air and food
  • provides a resonating chamber for speech and sounds
  • houses the tonsils, which serve immunological functions
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Divisions of pharynx (3)

A
  • nasopharynx (superior portion)
  • oropharynx (middle portion)
  • laryngopharynx (inferior portion)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Relating anatomy of this lecture

A
  • oral cavity
  • tongue
  • pharynx
  • hyoid bone
  • vertebral bodies
  • larynx
  • esophagus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Nasopharynx: borders

A
  • superior: choanae
  • posterior: vertibral bodies
  • anterior/inferior: soft palate and oropharynx
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Nasopharynx: function

A

respiratory function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Nasopharynx: key features

A
  • soft palate
  • openings to eustachian tube
  • adenoid (pharyngeal tonsil)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Soft palate

A
  • forms the posterior roof of mouth
  • arch shaped muscular partition between the nasopharynx and oropharynx
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Soft palate: swallowing

A
  • contracts to close the nasopharynx when swallowing
  • tongue blocks oral cavity
  • soft palate blocks nasophasrynx
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Eustachian tube

A
  • narrow passage between the nasopharynx and middle ear
  • allows air echange to equalize pressure between these areas
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

adenoid

A
  • “pharyngeal tonsil”
  • patch of lymphoid tissue on the superior posterior wall
  • typically atrophies and shrinks significantly by adulthood
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

oropharynx: borders

A
  • superior: nasopharynx
  • inferior: laryngopharynx
  • posterior: vertebral bodies
  • anterior: fauces (aka throat)/oral cavity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

oropharynx: functions

A
  • respiratory
  • digestive
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

oropharynx: key features

A
  • palatine tonsils
  • lingual tonsils
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

oropharyngeal tonsils

A
  • patches of lymphoid tissue
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

laryngopharynx: borders

A
  • superior: oropharynx
  • posterior: vertebral bodie
  • inferior: larynx and esophagus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

laryngopharynx: functions

A
  • respiratory
  • digestive
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

laryngopharynx: key features

A
  • laryngeal inlet
  • piriform fossae (recesses)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

laryngeal inlet

A
  • entrance to the larynx
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

piriform fossae (recess)

A
  • groove on either side of the laryngeal inlet
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

pharynx epithelium

A
  • pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium (respiratory epithelium)
  • nonkeratinized stratified aquamous epithelium
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Pharyngeal muscles: outer circular layer

A
  • superior constrictor
  • middle constrictor
  • inferior constrictor
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

superior constrictor: muscle #

A

S1-S4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

superior constrictor: location

A

surrounds the oropharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

superior constrictor: function

A

constricts the upper portion of the pharynx to faciliate swallowing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
middle constrictor: muscle #
M1-M2
25
middle constrictor: location
surrounds the laryngopharynx
26
middle constrictor: function
constricts the middle portion of the pharynx to faciliate swallowing
27
inferior constrictor: muscle #
I1-I2
28
inferior constrictor: location
surrounds the laryngopharynx
29
inferior constrictor: function
constricts the lower portion of the pharynx to facilitate swallowing - forms the upper esophageal sphincter
30
muscle attachments
- occipital bone (superior constrictor) - pharyngeal raphe (groove or ridge) (superior, middle and inferior conctrictors)
31
Innervation of constrictor muscles
- motor innervation: vagus nerve (CN X) - sensory innervation: glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)
32
Larynx
- aka voice box - short passageway that connects the laryngopharynx with the trachea - anterior to C4-C7
33
Larynx: function
- valve to close the trachea - voice production (via vocal cords)
34
Larynx: cartilage structures
- epiglottis - thryoid cartilage - arytenoid cartilage (occur in pairs) - cricoid cartilage
35
thryoid cartilage
- largest cartilage of the larynx - form upper and anterior walls - two fused plates of hyaline cartilage - laryngeal prominence (adam's apple)
36
thryoid cartilage: function
- protect and support the vocal cords
37
epiglottis
- leaf shaped piece of elastic cartilage - covered wth epihelium - "stalk" is attached to thyroid cartilage - "leaf" is unattached
38
epiglottis; function
closes off larync during swallowing
39
Epiglottis: swallowing
moves down and forms a lid over the opening of the larynx
40
Cricoid cartilage
- ring of hyaline cartilage - forms inferior wall of larynx - landmarc for making an emergenxy airway!
41
Cricoid cartilage: function
maintains airway opening
42
Arytenoid cartilage
- triangular pieces of mostly hyaline cartilage - sit on the cricoid cartilage
43
Arytenoid cartilage: function
influence movement (tension and relaxation) of vocal folds
44
Laryngeal ligaments
support the cartilaginous skeleton of the larynx
45
Laryngeal ligaments: divisions
- extrinsic - intrinsic
46
Laryngeal ligaments: extrinsic
- attach larynx to external structures - thyroid memebrane - medial thyrohyoid lyragments - lateral thyrohyoid ligaments - criotracheal ligament
47
Laryngeal ligaments: intrinsic
- attack cartilages of the larynx - cricothyroid ligament
48
Vocal cords
- the mucous membrane of the larynx forms two pairs of folds: - superior - inferior
48
What are the two types of vocal cords?
- true - false
48
True vocal cords
- inferior: vocal folds - principle structure of voice production
49
False vocal cords
- superior: ventricular folds - protect the vocal folds
49
Cavities of the larynx (5)
- vestibule - glottis - rima glottidis - infraglottic cavity (space) - trachea
50
Vestibule cavity
from inlet to vestibular folds (false cords)
51
infraglottic cavity (space)
below vocal folds
51
glottis cavity
from vestibular folds to vocal folds (true cords)
51
rima glottidis cavity
gap between vocal folds
52
Actions of vocal cords during: respiration
- abduct/open - allows the passage of air
52
Actions of vocal cords during: swallowing
- adduct/close - to prevent food/liquid from entering
52
What do the intrinsic laryngeal muscles attach to?
the cartilage and vocal folds
53
Vocal resonance
- larynx and pharync are resonating chambers for speech - reverberation of sound waves from the vibrating vocal folds
53
Actions of vocal cords during: phonation (the production of speech sounds)
- adduct and alter tension of vocal cords
54
Laryngeal muscles: overview
- intrinsic laryngeal muscles act on individual components of the larynx
54
Laryngeal muscles: functions/mechanisms
- control the shape of the rima glottidis - control length and tension of the vocal folds
54
Cricothyroid: functions
- stretches and tenses the vocal ligament - known as the "singe's muscle" as it alters tone of voice
54
Thyroarytenoid: functions
- relax the vocal ligament
54
Laryngeal muscles: muscles
- cricothyroid - thyroarytenoid - posterior & lateral crioarytenoid - transverse & oblique arytenoid
55
posterior & lateral crioarytenoid: functions
- Posterior: sole abductor of the vocal folds - widens the rima glottidis _ Lateral: major adductor of the vocal folds - narrows the rima glottidis
55
Transverse & oblique arytenoid: functions
- adduct the arytenoid cartilage - narrows the rima glottidis to modulate tone and volume of speech
56
Innervation of larynx - 2 nerves
- superior laryngeal nerve - recurrent laryngeal nerve
56
Superior laryngeal nerve pathways
1. internal laryngeal nerve -> sensory -> above vocal cords 2. external laryngeal nerve -> motor -> cricothyroid
57
Recurrent laryngeal nerve pathways
1. sensory -> below vocal cords 2. motor -> all except cricothyroid

ANAT 316 Term 1 (22 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions