L20 - Abdominopelvic Viscera

Question 1

What kind of organ is the spleen?

Answer 1

lymphatic organ

Question 2

Spleen: functions (2)

Answer 2

• filtration of red blood cells to remove old, larger and deformed cells
• prevention of infection

Question 3

Surfaces of the spleen

Answer 3

• posterior: diaphragmatic areas
• superior = gastric area
• anterior = colic area
• inferior = renal area

Question 4

blood supply to spleen

Answer 4

splenic artery

Question 5

hilum of the spleen

Answer 5

• medial concave area of spleen
• vascular attachment site

Question 6

the spleen is intraperitoneal which mean…

Answer 6

its lined on all sides by peritoneum

Question 7

what kind of organs are the kidneys?

Answer 7

retroperitoneal organs

Question 8

Kidneys: functions (7)

Answer 8

• urine production
• regulation of blood ionic composition
• regulation of blood pH
• regulation og blood volume and blood pressure
• production of hormones
• regulation of blood glucose
• excretion of wastes and foreign substances

Question 9

which kidney sits lower?

Answer 9

right is lower than left

Question 10

protextive coverings of the kidney

Answer 10

• PERIrenal fat
• renal capsule
• renal fascia
• PARArenal fat

Question 10

blood supply to kidneys

Answer 10

abdominal aort –> renal artery

Question 11

venous drainage of kindeys

Answer 11

renal veins –> inferior vena cava

Question 12

right renal artery is ___ than the left renal artery

Answer 12

longer

Question 13

right renal vein is _ than the left renal vein

Answer 13

shorter

Question 14

hilum of th ekindey

Answer 14

• concave part of thre kidney
• sits medially

Question 15

3 main structures of the kidney hilum

Answer 15

• renal artery
• renal vein
• ureter

Question 15

2 main components of the kidney

Answer 15

• cortex
• medulla

Question 16

cortec of the kindey

Answer 16

• outer component
• main filtering area

Question 17

medulla of the kidney

Answer 17

• main colums and tubes
• beginning of urine production

Question 18

internal anatomy of kidneys

Answer 18

• renal pyramid
• renal pailla
• minor calyx (calyces)
• renal pelvis
• major calyx (calyces)
• ureter

Question 19

pathway of urine 1-6

Answer 19

1. renal pyramid
2. renal papilla
3. minor calyx
4. major calyx
5. renal pelvis
6. ureter

Question 20

adrenal glands (aka suprarenal glands)

Answer 20

• endocrine organs (produces hormones)
• retroperitoneal organs

Question 21

what hormones do the arenal glands produce?

Answer 21

• adrenaline
• cortisol
• aldosterone

Question 22

3 inner layers of cortex

Answer 22

• zona glomerulosa
• zona fasciculata
• zona reticularis

Question 23

blood supply to adrenal glands

Answer 23

• superior surparenal arteries (extends from inferior phrenic artery)
• middle suprarenal artery (extends directly from abdominal aorta)
• inferior suprarenal artery (from renal artery)

Question 23

what is deep to cortext?

Answer 23

medulla

Question 24

venous drainage of adrenal glands

Answer 24

• right suprarenal vein: drains directly into IVC on right hand side (direct drainage)
• left suprarenal vein: drains left renal vein and then into IVC (indirect drainage)
• “asymmetrical drainage”

Question 25

Branches off of the abdominal aorta

Answer 25

• middle suprarenal artery
• right renal artery (L1)
• celiac trunk (T12)
• left renal artery (T12)
• superior mesenteric artery (L1)
• inferior mesenteric artery (L3)