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ANAT 316 Term 1 > Lecture 1 - The Skull > Flashcards

Lecture 1 - The Skull Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two parts of the skull called? and how many bones are in each?

A
  • the neurocranium/braincase (8)
  • the viscerocranium/facial skeleton (14)
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2
Q

How many bones does the skull consist of?

A

22

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3
Q

What are the 4 single bones and the 2 paired bones of the neurocranium?

A

Single:
- frontal
- occipital
- ethmoid
- sphenoid
Paired:
- parietal
- temporal

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4
Q

What are the 2 single bones and the 6 paired bones of the viscerocranium?

A

Single:
- vomer
- mandible
Paired:
- maxillae
- palatine bones
- nasal bones
- inferior nasal conchae
- zygomatic bones
- lacrimal bones

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5
Q

What are the functions of the neurocranium? (2)

A
  • surrounds and protects brain
  • articulates with the vertebral column
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6
Q

What is the main function of the viscerocranium?

A
  • support and protects entrances to the digestive and respiratory tracts
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7
Q

How many accessory bones are in the skull? (for hearing and muscle attachment)

A

7

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8
Q

Neurocranium: What bones can be seen from the anterior view? (5)

A
  • frontal bone
  • parietal bones
  • sphenoid bone
  • temporal bones
  • ethmoid bone
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9
Q

Neurocranium: What bones can be seen from the lateral view? (6)

A
  • frontal bone
  • parietal bones
  • occipital bone
  • sphenoid bone
  • temporal bones
  • ethmoid bone
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10
Q

What are the 4 external features of the temporal bone? (seen from the lateral view)

A
  • external acoustic meatus
  • mastoid process
  • styloid process
  • zygomatic process
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11
Q

Neurocranium: What bones can be seen from the superior view? (3)

A
  • frontal bone
  • parietal bones
  • occipital bones
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12
Q

Neurocranium: What bones can be seen from the posterior view? (4)

A
  • frontal bone
  • parietal bones
  • occipital bones
  • temporal bones
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13
Q

Neurocranium: What bones can be seen from the inferior view? (6)

A
  • sphenoid bone
  • temporal bones
  • zygomatic process
  • styloid process
  • mastoid process
  • occipital bone
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14
Q

Neurocranium: What features can be seen from the inferior view? (3)

A
  • mandibular fossa (articulation with mandible)
  • foramen magnum (passage of spinal cord (feature of occipital bone))
  • occipital condyle (articulation with teh atlas (C1) (feature of occipital bone)))
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15
Q

If you cut the skull in half in the horizontal plane, what bones could you see looking down from a superior view (loosing at the base of the skull) (5)

A
  • frontal bone
  • ethmoid bone
  • sphenoid bone
  • temporal bones
  • occipital bones
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16
Q

what does the ethmoid bone form part of? (2)

A
  • orbital wall
  • nasal cavity/septum
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17
Q

What is the long part of the ethmoid bone that runs down called?

A

Perpendicular plate

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18
Q

Is concha single or plural?
Is conchae single or plural?

A

concha = single
conchae = plural

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19
Q

Features of the Ethmoid (3)

A
  • Cristal galli (crest of the rooster)
  • cribriform plate
  • superior nasal concha
  • middle nasal concha
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20
Q

Cristal galli

A
  • perpendicular projection of the ethmoid bone
  • acts as an acnhroing point for membranes surrounding th ebrain (meninges)
21
Q

What passes through the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone?

A
  • branches of the cranial nerve I (olfactory nerve)
22
Q

Features of the sphenoid bone

A
  • form part of eye orbit and base of skull
  • comprised of: body, 2 lesser wings and 2 greater wings (1 on each side fo the body)
  • looks like an owl
  • pterygoid processes
  • ## sella turcia (turkish saddle)
23
Q

What rests in the sella turcica?

A

the pituitary gland

24
Q

Which is single, which is plural: foramen, foramina

A

single = foramen
plural = foramina

25
Q

What does foramina allow?

A

the passage of nerves and blood vessels

26
Q

Foramina of the sphenoid bone (7)

A
  • inferior orbital fissure
  • superior ortibal fissure
  • optic canal
  • foramen spinosum (smalled one)
  • foramen rotundum
  • foramen ovale
  • foramen lacerum
27
Q

Foramina of the temporal bone (3)

A
  • carotid canal
  • interal acoustic meatus
  • jugular foramen
28
Q

Foramina of the occipital bone (two)

A
  • jugular foramen
  • hypoglossal canal
29
Q

Sutures of the skull (4)

A
  • coronal
  • sagittal
  • squamous
  • lambdoid
30
Q

What two bones does coronal suture the seperate?

A

frontal bone and parietal bones

31
Q

What two bones does the squamous suture seperate?

A

temporal bones and parietal bones

32
Q

What two bones does the sagittal suture seperate?

A

the two parital bones

33
Q

What two bones does the lambdoid suture seperate?

A

occipital bone and parietal bones

34
Q

What are the 3 cranial fossae?

A
  • anterior cranial fossa (frontal lobe)
  • middle cranial fossa (temporal lobes)
  • posterior cranial fossa (cerebellum)
35
Q

What bones are part of the anterior cranial fossa?

A
  • frontal, ethmoid, sphenoid bones
36
Q

What bones are part of the temporal cranial fossa?

A

-sphenoid, temporal bones

37
Q

What bones are part of the posterior cranial fossa?

A
  • occipital, temporal bones
38
Q

Viscerocranium: What bones can be seen from the lateral view? (5)

A
  • zygomatic
  • maxilla
  • mandible
  • nasal
  • lacrimal
39
Q

Viscerocranium: Features of the mandible (5)

A
  • ramus
  • body
  • angle
  • condylar process
  • coronoid process
40
Q

Viscerocranium: Features of the skull - lateral view (2)

A
  • zygomatic arch (cheekbone)
  • temporomandibular joint (TMJ)
41
Q

Viscerocranium: Temporomandibular joint (TMJ)

A
  • only moveable joint of the skull
  • articulation between condylar process (mandible) and mandibular fossa (temporal bone)
42
Q

Viscerocranium: What bones can be seen from the inferior view? (6)

A
  • zygomatic bones
  • zygomatic arch
  • maxillae
  • incisive foramen
  • palatine bones
  • vomer
43
Q

Viscerocranium: the hard palate

A
  • palatine process (of maxilla)
  • palatine bones
44
Q

Viscerocranium: when can you see the vomer

A

seen in lateral view when nasal septum is not removed

45
Q

Accessory bones of the skull (2)

A
  • ossicles
  • ## hyoid bone
46
Q

Ossicles (3)

A
  • small bones involved in hearing
  • housed in temporal bone
  • 3 in each middle ear
47
Q

What are the 3 ossicles

A
  • malleus
  • incus
  • stapes
48
Q

Hyoid bone

A
  • “floating bone”
  • located in neck
  • important attachment site for tongue and muscles involved in swallowing
49
Q

features of the hyoid bone

A
  • lesser horn (cornu)
  • greater horn (cornu)
    body

ANAT 316 Term 1 (22 decks)

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