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ANAT 316 Term 1 > L19 - Accessory Digestive Organs > Flashcards

L19 - Accessory Digestive Organs Flashcards

1
Q

What are the accessory digestive organs? (4)

A
  • liveer
  • gallbladder
  • pancreas
  • salivary glands
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2
Q

What do accessory digestive organs do?

A

produce, store and secrete digestive enzymes and buffers

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3
Q

both the ___ and ___ have functions in other body systems

A
  • liver
  • pancreas
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4
Q

What is the liver?

A
  • largest visceral organ (mass 1.5kg)
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5
Q

What are the livers functions? (3)

A
  • metabolic
  • hematological
  • digestive
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6
Q

What is the metabolic function of the liver?

A

hepatocytes regulate circulating

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7
Q

What is the hematological function of the liver?

A
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8
Q

What is the digestive function of the liver?

A

synthesizes and secretes bile

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9
Q

what is anything with “hepato” in it related to?

A

the liver

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10
Q

describe the location of the liver

A
  • immediately inferior to the diaphragm
  • right upper abdomen
  • sits superior and lateral to stomach, right kidney and intestines
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11
Q

what is the diaphragmatic surface?

A
  • superior and anterior surfaces of liver
  • smooth
  • follows curve of diaphragm and body wall
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12
Q

what is thre bare area of the liver?

A

area in direct contact with the diaphragm, no visceral peritoneum

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13
Q

what is the visceral surface?

A
  • posterior and inferior surfaces
  • has impressions from the stomach, small intetsine, right kidney and large intestine
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14
Q

What are the four lobes of the liver?

A
  • right
  • left
  • caudate
  • quadrate
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15
Q

What are the ligaments of the liver made up of?

A

double folds of peritoneum

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16
Q

What are the 5 liagments in the liver?

A
  • falciform ligament
  • coronary ligament
  • right and left triangular ligaments
  • roud ligaments (ligamentum teres)
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17
Q

falciform ligament

A

attaches liver to anterior body wall and divides the liver into right and left loves

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18
Q

coronary ligament

A

suspends liver from the diaphragm

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19
Q

right and left triangular ligaments

A

on superior aspect, towards lateral body wall

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20
Q

roud ligaments (ligamentum teres)

A

thickening of inferor margin of falciform ligament, embryological remnant of umbilival vein

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21
Q

What is stored and concentrated in the gallbladder?

A

bile

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22
Q

what does bile do?

A

helps in the digestion of dietary lipids through emulsification

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23
Q

Gross anatomy of the gallbladder (5)

A
  • cyctic duct
  • neck
  • infundibulum
  • fundus
  • right and left hepatic duct
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24
Q

Common hepatic duct and cystic duct join to creates the ____ duct

A

common bile duct

25
Q

the common bile duct empties into the _____

A

duodenum

26
Q

arterial supply of the gallbladder

A

cyctic artery (branch of hepatic artery proper)

27
Q

venous drainage of the gallbladder

A

cystic vein into the hepatic portal vein

28
Q

What is the porta hepatis?

A

doorway to the liver

29
Q

structures of the porta hepatis (3)

A
  • hepatic portal vein
  • hepatic arteru proper
  • common hepatic duct
30
Q

origin of the artery in the porta hepatis

A

abdominal aorta > celiac trunk > common hepatic artery > hepatic artery proper

31
Q

origin of the vein in the porta hepatis

A

union of the superior mesenteric vein and the splenic vein, posterior to the pancreas, forms the hepatic portal vein

32
Q

hepatic portal vein carries venous blood from the… (6)

A
  • small intestine
  • large intestine
  • stomach
  • pancreas
  • gallbladder
  • spleen
33
Q

heptatic portal system is connected between two ____ ___

A

capillary beds

34
Q

nutrint-rich venous blood drains from the __ and _ and travels to the ___ for processing

A
  • stomach
  • intestines
  • liver
35
Q

heptaic portal system steps

A
  1. small intestine absrobes products for digestion
  2. nutrient molecules trave; in hepatic portal vein to liver
  3. liver monitos blood contents
  4. blood enters general circulation by way of the hepatic veins, which empty into the inferior vena cava
36
Q

portal area contains a triad of… (3)

A
  • a small branch of the hepatic portal vein
  • a small branch of the hepatic artery proper
  • a bile duct
37
Q

processing at the liver

A
  • lobules are the functional unit of the liver
  • they are hexagonal in shape
  • at the center of each lobule, there is a central vein
  • at each corner, ther’s a portal area containign a portal triad
38
Q

Blood flows towards the ___ ____

A

central vein

39
Q

as blood flows towards the centre, _____ absorb and secret substances, altering the blood entering ______ ______

A
  • hepatocytes
  • systemic circulation
40
Q

blood provided by the ____ ____ proper and the ____ ____ ____ flows from the ___ ____ towards the ____ _____

A
  • hepatic artery
  • hepatic portal vein
  • portal area
  • central vein
40
Q

___ ___ join together into ___ ___

A
  • central veins
  • hepatic veins
40
Q

filtered blood passes from ____ ____ to ___ ____, drains into the ____ vena cava, eventually emptying into the ____ _____ of the heart to be pumped to the rest of the body

A
  • central veins
  • hepatic veins
  • inferior
  • right atrium
41
Q

____ produce bile and the ___ flows outwards to ____ ____

A
  • hepatocytes
  • bile
  • portal areas
41
Q

bile duct branch which leads to the ___ _ _ ___ ___

A

rest of the duct system

41
Q

small projections called ____ ____ carry bile to the bile duct of the ____ portal area

A
  • bile canaliculi
  • closest
42
Q

___ ___ ___ delivers oxygenated blood to the liver

A

hepatic artery proper

43
Q

___ ___ ___ delivers deoxygenated, but nutrient rich blood from the digestive tract

A

hepatic portal vein

44
Q

___ ___ ___ carries bile produced by the liver away

A

common hepatic duct

45
Q

exocrine functions of the pancreas

A
  • produces digestive enzymes and alkaline buffers to neutralize the acidic chyme
  • duct system within pancreas carries the fluid to the duodenum
46
Q

endocrine function of the pancreas

A

produces hormone like insulin

47
Q

what does exocrine mean?

A

substances are secreted into system to an epithelial surface (ex: to the gut)

48
Q

what does endocrine mean?

A

substance is secreted into interstitial fluid and then into the bloodstream

49
Q

Gross anatomy of the pancreas

A
  • accessory pancreatic duct
  • pancreatic duct
  • neck of pancreas
  • body of pancreas
  • tail of pancreas
  • head of pancreas
  • uncinate process of pancreas (uncinate = hook)
50
Q

arterial blood supply to pancreas

A

branches of the splenic artery and the pancreaticoduodenal artery

51
Q

venous blood drainage to pancreas

A

splenic vein

52
Q

the gallbladder and pancreas empty into the ____

A

duodenum

53
Q

secretions from the gallbladder and pancreas are transported to the duodenum via ___ ___-

A

duct systems

54
Q

the fluid enter the duodenum through ____

A

papilla

55
Q

what is papilla?

A

a small, rounded protuberance on an organ or part of the body

ANAT 316 Term 1 (22 decks)

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