L19 - Accessory Digestive Organs Flashcards
What are the accessory digestive organs? (4)
- liveer
- gallbladder
- pancreas
- salivary glands
What do accessory digestive organs do?
produce, store and secrete digestive enzymes and buffers
both the ___ and ___ have functions in other body systems
- liver
- pancreas
What is the liver?
- largest visceral organ (mass 1.5kg)
What are the livers functions? (3)
- metabolic
- hematological
- digestive
What is the metabolic function of the liver?
hepatocytes regulate circulating
What is the hematological function of the liver?
What is the digestive function of the liver?
synthesizes and secretes bile
what is anything with “hepato” in it related to?
the liver
describe the location of the liver
- immediately inferior to the diaphragm
- right upper abdomen
- sits superior and lateral to stomach, right kidney and intestines
what is the diaphragmatic surface?
- superior and anterior surfaces of liver
- smooth
- follows curve of diaphragm and body wall
what is thre bare area of the liver?
area in direct contact with the diaphragm, no visceral peritoneum
what is the visceral surface?
- posterior and inferior surfaces
- has impressions from the stomach, small intetsine, right kidney and large intestine
What are the four lobes of the liver?
- right
- left
- caudate
- quadrate
What are the ligaments of the liver made up of?
double folds of peritoneum
What are the 5 liagments in the liver?
- falciform ligament
- coronary ligament
- right and left triangular ligaments
- roud ligaments (ligamentum teres)
falciform ligament
attaches liver to anterior body wall and divides the liver into right and left loves
coronary ligament
suspends liver from the diaphragm
right and left triangular ligaments
on superior aspect, towards lateral body wall
roud ligaments (ligamentum teres)
thickening of inferor margin of falciform ligament, embryological remnant of umbilival vein
What is stored and concentrated in the gallbladder?
bile
what does bile do?
helps in the digestion of dietary lipids through emulsification
Gross anatomy of the gallbladder (5)
- cyctic duct
- neck
- infundibulum
- fundus
- right and left hepatic duct
Common hepatic duct and cystic duct join to creates the ____ duct
common bile duct
the common bile duct empties into the _____
duodenum
arterial supply of the gallbladder
cyctic artery (branch of hepatic artery proper)
venous drainage of the gallbladder
cystic vein into the hepatic portal vein
What is the porta hepatis?
doorway to the liver
structures of the porta hepatis (3)
- hepatic portal vein
- hepatic arteru proper
- common hepatic duct
origin of the artery in the porta hepatis
abdominal aorta > celiac trunk > common hepatic artery > hepatic artery proper
origin of the vein in the porta hepatis
union of the superior mesenteric vein and the splenic vein, posterior to the pancreas, forms the hepatic portal vein
hepatic portal vein carries venous blood from the… (6)
- small intestine
- large intestine
- stomach
- pancreas
- gallbladder
- spleen
heptatic portal system is connected between two ____ ___
capillary beds
nutrint-rich venous blood drains from the __ and _ and travels to the ___ for processing
- stomach
- intestines
- liver
heptaic portal system steps
- small intestine absrobes products for digestion
- nutrient molecules trave; in hepatic portal vein to liver
- liver monitos blood contents
- blood enters general circulation by way of the hepatic veins, which empty into the inferior vena cava
portal area contains a triad of… (3)
- a small branch of the hepatic portal vein
- a small branch of the hepatic artery proper
- a bile duct
processing at the liver
- lobules are the functional unit of the liver
- they are hexagonal in shape
- at the center of each lobule, there is a central vein
- at each corner, ther’s a portal area containign a portal triad
Blood flows towards the ___ ____
central vein
as blood flows towards the centre, _____ absorb and secret substances, altering the blood entering ______ ______
- hepatocytes
- systemic circulation
blood provided by the ____ ____ proper and the ____ ____ ____ flows from the ___ ____ towards the ____ _____
- hepatic artery
- hepatic portal vein
- portal area
- central vein
___ ___ join together into ___ ___
- central veins
- hepatic veins
filtered blood passes from ____ ____ to ___ ____, drains into the ____ vena cava, eventually emptying into the ____ _____ of the heart to be pumped to the rest of the body
- central veins
- hepatic veins
- inferior
- right atrium
____ produce bile and the ___ flows outwards to ____ ____
- hepatocytes
- bile
- portal areas
bile duct branch which leads to the ___ _ _ ___ ___
rest of the duct system
small projections called ____ ____ carry bile to the bile duct of the ____ portal area
- bile canaliculi
- closest
___ ___ ___ delivers oxygenated blood to the liver
hepatic artery proper
___ ___ ___ delivers deoxygenated, but nutrient rich blood from the digestive tract
hepatic portal vein
___ ___ ___ carries bile produced by the liver away
common hepatic duct
exocrine functions of the pancreas
- produces digestive enzymes and alkaline buffers to neutralize the acidic chyme
- duct system within pancreas carries the fluid to the duodenum
endocrine function of the pancreas
produces hormone like insulin
what does exocrine mean?
substances are secreted into system to an epithelial surface (ex: to the gut)
what does endocrine mean?
substance is secreted into interstitial fluid and then into the bloodstream
Gross anatomy of the pancreas
- accessory pancreatic duct
- pancreatic duct
- neck of pancreas
- body of pancreas
- tail of pancreas
- head of pancreas
- uncinate process of pancreas (uncinate = hook)
arterial blood supply to pancreas
branches of the splenic artery and the pancreaticoduodenal artery
venous blood drainage to pancreas
splenic vein
the gallbladder and pancreas empty into the ____
duodenum
secretions from the gallbladder and pancreas are transported to the duodenum via ___ ___-
duct systems
the fluid enter the duodenum through ____
papilla
what is papilla?
a small, rounded protuberance on an organ or part of the body
