lec 3 - injury prevention

Question 1

why is sport injury prevention important

Answer 1

number of sport injuries = burden on health care system

Question 2

what are the consequences of sport injuries (5)

Answer 2

decreased participation in sport and rec, school/work attendance, PA
increased prevalance of overweight/obesity and other health implications, OA
psychosocial conseqeunces
high health care and indirect costs
cost of rehab = barrier to successful RTS

Question 3

what is the 4 step model for injury prevention

Answer 3

1. # establish the extent of the injury problem (know typical injuries in your sport)
2. # find the mechanism and risk factors (cause)
3. # introduce a preventive measure
4. evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention

Question 4

what is an injury mechanism

Answer 4

events leading to an injury

ex: injury situation, whole body or joint biomech

Question 5

what are examples of intrinsic risk factors

Answer 5

athlete themselves

• age, sex, genetics, fitness, previous injuries

Question 6

what are examples of extrinsic risk factors

Answer 6

athletes environment

• plyaing surfaces, weather, game vs practise, equipment, training load

Question 7

what are examples of modifiable risk factors

Answer 7

training load, equipment, psyc state, balance, flexibility, aerobic fitness, strength

Question 8

what are examples of non modifiable risk factors

Answer 8

growth, weather, previous injury history, age, sex

Question 9

what is primary injury prevention

Answer 9

preventing the injury before it even starts to occur (before any signs or symptoms)

Question 10

what is secondary injury prevention

Answer 10

detecting the earliest stages of an injury to stop it from progressing

Question 11

what is tertiary injury prevention

Answer 11

stopping the progression of injury and addressing the consequences

Question 12

what are 3 main prevention strategies

Answer 12

training strategies, ruel modification, equipment

Question 13

what is involved in an NMT program

Answer 13

sport specifics, agility, balance, strength, and aerobics

(good technique essential - going through motions is useless)

Question 14

what is the importance of NMT programs

Answer 14

tissue loading is important - poor technique = increased load on joints and tendons (can lead to more injuries)

improved control and joint stability can decrease load and injury risk

Question 15

what is the main mechanism in an ACL injury

Answer 15

valgus loading

(excessive knee valgus and tibial rotation (usually external))

Question 16

are ACL injuries usually in isolation

Answer 16

no - usually combined with MCL and meniscus which complicates rehab

Question 17

what is internal training load (+ examples)

Answer 17

body’s response to training - can differ significantly between athletes even if external load is the same

• ex: phsyiological / psychological effects of training

Question 18

what is external training load (+ examples)

Answer 18

work performed

• ex: sets, reps, frequency, distance, etc

Question 19

what is the association between sport specialisation and injuries

Answer 19

early specialisation = more likely for overuse injuries

intensive year round training = higher rates of injuries
==
solutions = encourage multisport training in youth athletes other than worry that it’ll hinder development in primary sport