Lec 14

Question 1

What decreases are associated with death?

Answer 1

1, Activity level
2. Interest in surroundings
3. Body Temperature
4. Blood Pressure
5. Breathing regularity

Question 2

What are the three phases of death with descriptions?

Answer 2

1. Agonal Phase (struggle)
2. Clinical death (no vitals but able to be resuscitated)
3. Mortality (permanent death)

Question 3

Why is it common now to have a fear of death?

Answer 3

1. Young generations don’t really experience the death of someone they know
2. Death often occurs in a medical setting
3. It is rare to directly discuss death

Question 4

What Western cultural variations limit death anxiety?

Answer 4

Spirituality limits more than religion

Question 5

What is the death anxiety pattern over time?

Answer 5

It decreases over age

Question 6

What gender pattern is observed with death anxiety?

Answer 6

Women have more than men (western and eastern cultures)

Question 7

What scales are used to measure fear of death?

Answer 7

1. The Collet-Lester Fear of Death Scale - Revised (CL-R, 1-5 scales)
2. Death Anxiety Scale (T/F statements)
3. DAS-Extended (More T/F statements)

Question 8

According to the death-anxiety-scale, what are the two factors that effect death anxiety?

Answer 8

1. Psychological health
2. Life experiences relating to death

Question 9

What five stages of dying are observed by who?

Answer 9

Kubler-Ross observed:
1. Denial
2. Anger
3. Bargaining
4. Depression
5. Acceptance

Question 10

What is a common misconception of the Kubler-Ross stages?

Answer 10

It is necessary to go through all 5 stages in order, it is not always all 5 stages and is different over individual cases

Question 11

Why has a simplistic interpretation of Kubler-Ross created poor healthcare professional treatment?

Answer 11

1. Professionals try and push them through the sequence
2. Dismissal of complaints due to death stages

Question 12

What is the big criticism of the Kubler-Ross theory?

Answer 12

It does not look at the context of meaning in individual lives.

Question 13

What are the 4 things identified about a “good death”?

Answer 13

1. Clarifies meaning of life and death
2. Gives a sense of control over time
3. Maintains a sense of identity, and continuity with the past
4. It maintains/enhances relationships

Question 14

What is an appropriate death?

Answer 14

1. It makes sense in the person’s pattern of living and values
2. It preserves/restores significant relationships
3. It is free of suffering

Question 15

What influences the context of how someone dies?

Answer 15

1. Nature of disease
2. Personality and coping style
3. Family Members and health professionals’ behaviour
4. Spirituality/religion/culture etc.

Question 16

What was experienced by patients who received palliative care with music therapy?

Answer 16

Music group reported a bigger decline in death anxiety and tiredness

Question 17

What is passive euthanasia?

Answer 17

It is when it is decided to withdraw life-sustaining treatment

Question 18

What guidelines can document self advocacy?

Answer 18

1. A living will before things may happen
2. Power of attorney for health care (appointed management)

Question 19

What is voluntary active euthanasia?

Answer 19

It is the patient’s requested administered medical assistance in dying.

Question 20

What is the legality surrounding voluntary active euthanasia?

Answer 20

It is a criminal offense in most countries
Legalized 2016 Canada
Legalized 2001 Netherlands

Question 21

What is assisted suicide?

Answer 21

Doctors prescribe drugs so that terminally ill patients can end their own lives

Question 22

How does public opinion look at assisted suicide?

Answer 22

public opinion favors voluntary active euthanasia vs assisted suicide

Question 23

What are the three tasks associated with grieving death?

Answer 23

1. Accepting reality
2. Working through the pain
3. Adjusting to the world without the person

Question 24

What step of grieving is associated with the most grief?

Answer 24

Step 2

Question 25

What are common physiological associations with confronting grief?

Answer 25

Loss of sleep and appetite

Question 26

What is the third task called in grief of death? What is it made of?

Answer 26

Restoration: overcoming loneliness, reorganizing daily life

Question 27

What is the dual-process model of coping?

Answer 27

People alternate between dealing with emotions and attending to life changes

Question 28

What are examples of restoration-oriented events?

Answer 28

visiting friends, seeing others

Question 29

What contexts of grieving affect the process?

Answer 29

Gender (men express/seek support less)
Quality of the relationship with the deceased
Sudden vs anticipated death
Death of a child

Question 30

What are some specifics of young grief?

Answer 30

Parental death is associated with a loss of security, sibling death makes clear vulnerability, and school age kids are more willing to confide than teenagers

Question 31

What is bereavement overload?

Answer 31

It is several deaths in succession

Question 32

What is risk of bereavement overload?

Answer 32

Becoming emotionally overwhelmed, unable to resolve grief

Question 33

What is power of attorney in terms of old age?

Answer 33

Someone who is appointed to make financial/health/legal decisions for you when you are no longer capable/willing