Lec 13

Question 1

What ages consist late adulthood?

Answer 1

65+

Question 2

What are the subgroups of the elderly and what is it based off of?

Answer 2

Young-Old
Old-old
Oldest-old

It is based off of activity and lifestyle

Question 3

What are the five ways to push back against ageism?

Answer 3

1. Encourage active lifestyle
2. Engage in multigenerational interactions
3. Take note of individual differences
4. Advocate for support as needed
5. Avoid elderspeak

Question 4

What effects life expectancy? (5)

Answer 4

1. Gender
2. Income/Education
3. Ethnicity/SES
4. Country
5. Twins live longer!

Question 5

What kinds of twins live longer?

Answer 5

Identical twins

Question 6

When are the mortality benefit peaks for men and women twins?

Answer 6

Men = mid 40s
Women = mid 60s

Question 7

What is some support for the hypothesis that relationships make people healthier?

Answer 7

Twins/Married people tend to lead healthier lives

Question 8

What are the physical changes in vision in seniors?

Answer 8

1. Foggy cornea
2. Lens yellows
3. Cataracts

Question 9

What is the leading cause of blindness in seniors?

Answer 9

Macular degeneration

Question 10

What is macular degeneration?

Answer 10

Retinal cells in the macula break down

Question 11

How many adults experience macular degeneration?

Answer 11

10-30%

Question 12

What are some risk factors for macular degeneration?

Answer 12

Age, Smoking, Genes, Eye colour, UV light, High Fat diet

Question 13

What are some hearing problems caused by in ageing seniors?

Answer 13

Reduced blood supply to the auditory cortex, the stiffening of membranes and cell death

Question 14

What are some losses with function associated with loss of hearing?

Answer 14

Sound is quieter, there is a loss of certain frequencies using hearing aids, and there is a loss in the usage/perception of emotional inflection

Question 15

What is tinnitus?

Answer 15

The perception of a sound without stimulus

Question 16

What are the three potential treatments for tinnitus?

Answer 16

1. Drugs
2. Attention/Mindfulness with assessment and feedback
3. Nerve stimulation

Question 17

What senses other than vision and hearing are lost with age?

Answer 17

All of them: taste, touch, smell

Question 18

What are the implications of the loss of taste, touch, smell?

Answer 18

Safety and enjoyment of food decrease

Question 19

What are some problems associated with staff/family care?

Answer 19

The underestimate the competence of the elderly and can induce dependency

Question 20

What is the problem associated with seniors who are receiving help?

Answer 20

Dependency-Support: people who act dependent get support
Independency-ignore: people who act independently get ignored

This can lead to decline in abilities of dependent seniors

Question 21

What are some problems associated with dependent seniors?

Answer 21

They feel like a burden, depression can follow

Question 22

How can dependency - support providers help seniors with feeling like a burden?

Answer 22

Giving the adult control over what areas of life receive support

Question 23

What does training for long term care staff consist of now?

Answer 23

Updated information on ageing, training on effective behaviour modificaiton

Question 24

What happened when staff were provided training on dependency-support?

Answer 24

Independent self-care behaviour increased and dependent-support behaviour decreased

Question 25

Who tends to commit more suicide as late adults?

Answer 25

Men

Question 26

What are some shared feelings for seniors that may explain depression/suicide?

Answer 26

Low autonomy, negative life changes

Question 27

What are some solutions for senior mental health?

Answer 27

Friendly Visiting Ottawa by Champlain Health Line or The Royals Geriatric Psychiatry program