Learning goal 9 - diseases Flashcards
What are examples of non-communicable diseases?
- Cardiovascular diseases
- diabetes
- cancer
- chronic raspatory diseases
What are infectious diseases?
It is a disease caused by an infectious agent like viruses, bacteria, parasites or fungi.
Used to be the leading cause of death
What happens when someone gets infected with an infectious disease?
When an organism enters the body some people fight off with their immune system while others go on and develop a disease. People are more likely to develop a disease if they have a weak immune system or have no immunity.
When is someone more likely to get infected with an infectious disease?
- when they have no immunity
- weak immune system
- immune system is weakened due to drugs, age, or other diseases
When is the end of an incubation period?
when the infection is resolved or the person dies
What is the infectious period?
The time when the infected person can spread the disease and infect others.
The person does not have to have symptoms = carriers
What does Case fatality mean?
It measures the severity of the case. It is the proportion of people that die from being infected
What is the basic reproductive rate?
The average number of secondary cases that occur due to one infected individual
What is a secondary attack rate?
This is the proportion of people exposed to the disease that develop an infection
What are zoonotic diseases?
These are diseases from animals that can/have transmitted to humans.
About 60% of human diseases are zoonotic
What are emerging infectious diseases?
It is a disease that is new in the population for the first time, or one that may have existed previously but is rapidly increasing in incidence or geographical range.
What are neglected tropical diseases?
These are tropical diseases that affect the poorest countries in the world.
They do not get a lot of global attention but they still cause illnesses in the most vulnerable groups of people in the world.
What are Vector-Born diseases?
These are diseases that are transmitted through an infected animal or human, to another human through a BITE from a vector (mosquito)
