Leadership Flashcards
What are some characteristics of effective leaders?
Empathetic Self confident Ambitious Charismatic Good perceptual/decision making skills Etc
What are the 2 ways leaders can be selected?
Emergent leaders
Prescribed leaders
What are emergent leaders?
Already members of the group
Can assume role of leader or be voted in by other group members
What are the benefits of emergent leaders?
They have good knowledge of team members and works well individually with them
Should already have the respect of the team
What are the negatives of emergent leaders?
Team members may struggle to adjust to new status of leader-perceived favouritism
May be difficult for leader to make changes in the way the team play as the leader has been involved in the previous system
What are prescribed leaders?
Appointed from outside the group
What are the benefits of a prescribed leader?
Can make changes more easily to systems/tactics as team expects it
Members may feel they have a clean slate with them and so work harder/display positive attitudes
What are the negatives of a prescribed leader?
Have no previous experience with members so may not manage individuals in an effective way
Building relationships and earning respect may take time
What are the 3 leadership styles?
Autocratic
Democratic
Laissez-faire
What are autocratic leaders like?
Focused on task
Makes all decisions
Goal orientated
Doesn’t delegate responsibility
When is it best to use an autocratic leadership?
In a large group, with limited time
The task is potentially dangerous
What are democratic leaders like?
Focused on developing relationships in the group
Shares decisions
Prioritises group cohesion and shared ownership
Delegates responsibilities
When is it best to use a democratic leadership?
When the group is small, or few time constraints
Team members require personal support
What are laissez-faire leaders like?
“Let do”
Leader stands aside
Group makes all of decisions
Leader doesn’t take responsibility
When is it best to use a laissez-faire leadership?
When group is very experienced/motivated with less
A weak leader may drift into this style if they lose control of the group
What are the theories of leadership?
Trait perspective
Social learning
Interactionist approach
What is trait perspective?
Example?
Effective leadership behaviour is innate/genetically programmed
Eg. Ambition and empathy may be inherited, which enables effective leadership
What is social learning?
Example?
Effective leadership behaviour is learned from the environment through imitation and reinforcement
Eg. Effective leadership is observed, copied and reinforced-this builds leadership skills
What is interactionist approach?
Example?
Effective leadership is determined by a combination of inherited traits and experiences learned from the environment
Eg. A person may inherit determination, then observe and imitate the use of this trait to learn effective leadership
What is Chelladurai’s multi-dimensional model of sports leadership?
This measured the effectiveness of a leader based on:
The degree of success at completing a task
How satisfied the group was during the process
What are 3 factors that influence the style of leadership?
Situational characteristics - group size, time available, type of activity
Leader characteristics - competence, experience, preferred style of leadership
Member characteristics - experience, gender, age, motivation
What are 3 factors that impact on the leader behaviour (style of leadership)?
Required behaviour
Actual behaviour
Preferred behaviour
Define required behaviour
The style that should be used by the leader in the situation
Define actual behaviour
The style that the leader chooses to use
Define preferred behaviour
The style the members would choose
Define group performance and/or satisfaction that depends on degree of congruence
How much the required, preferred and actual leader behaviour coincide/are the same
If actual behaviour is the same as required behaviour but not the same as preferred behaviour what is the outcome of the effectiveness of the leader?
Effective performance occurs
But satisfaction is low
If actual behaviour is not the same as required behaviour but the same as preferred behaviour what is the outcome of the effectiveness of the leader?
Not effective performance
But satisfaction is high
If actual behaviour is the same as required behaviour and the same as preferred behaviour what is the outcome of the effectiveness of the leader?
Effective performance
Satisfaction is high
(There is full congruence)
