Feedback

Question 1

Define intrinsic feedback

Answer 1

Info from internal sources

Eg. kinesthesis

Question 2

What does intrinsic feedback involve?

Answer 2

Kinaesthetic feedback
Detected by proprioceptors
Helps autonomous performers to correct movements

Question 3

Define extrinsic feedback

Answer 3

Info from outside sources

Question 4

What does extrinsic feedback involve?

Answer 4

From an outside source eg. a coach
Can be positive or negative
Used to support intrinsic feedback
Good for cognitive performers who haven’t developed the feel of the skill

Question 5

What are some advantages of intrinsic feedback?

Answer 5

Good for autonomous stage
Increases fluency
Increases attentional space
Performer has time to think/focus on peripheral stimuli

Question 6

What are some disadvantages of intrinsic feedback?

Answer 6

Less effective at cognitive+associative
Hinder learning if overused
Demotivating for cognitive+associative

Question 7

What are some advantages of extrinsic feedback?

Answer 7

Good for cognitive+associative
Understands correct pattern of movement
Teaches performer to use intrinsic feedback
Source of positive reinforcement

Question 8

What are some disadvantages of extrinsic feedback?

Answer 8

Become too dependent on extrinsic feedback
Becomes less effective in developing kinaesthesis
If overused, positive reinforcement lessened

Question 9

Define positive feedback

Answer 9

Feedback given by the coach when the movement is correct

Question 10

What does positive feedback involve?

Answer 10

Can be intrinsic or extrinsic
Give when movement is correct
Used to reinforce actions
Motivating

Question 11

Define negative feedback

Answer 11

Feedback given by coach when movement is incorrect/could be improved

Question 12

What does negative feedback involve?

Answer 12

Can be intrinsic or extrinsic
Given/received when movement is incorrect
Reduces bad habits

Question 13

What are some advantages of positive feedback?

Answer 13

Good for cognitive+associative
Indicates which part of a skill has been performed correctly
Gives confidence
Motivates

Question 14

What are some advantages of negative feedback?

Answer 14

Good for autonomous
Finely tunes well learned skills
Helps performer remain autonomous
Motivates at autonomous stage

Question 15

What are some disadvantages of positive feedback?

Answer 15

Less effective at autonomous
Ineffective if imprecise/unspecific
Losses impact if used too often

Question 16

What are some disadvantages of negative feedback?

Answer 16

Less effective at cognitive+associative
Hinder learning if overused
Demotivating at cognitive+associative

Question 17

Define knowledge of results(KR)

Answer 17

The outcome of the movement

Question 18

What does knowledge of results involve?

Answer 18

Can be positive/negative/extrinsic

Effective at all levels of skill/performance

Question 19

Define knowledge of performance(KP)

Answer 19

Concerns quality of movement

Question 20

What does knowledge of performance involve?

Answer 20

About techniques used
Intrinsic/extrinsic
Informs performer if skill is correct or not
Important for autonomous

Question 21

What are some advantages of KR feedback?

Answer 21

Good for cognitive+associative
Allows correction after movement/outcome of movement
Enables skill modification
Good for open skills-outcome not technique is measure of success

Question 22

What are some advantages of KP feedback?

Answer 22

Good for autonomous-kinesthesis improves technique
Allows for quick correction
Good for modifying overlearned skills
Good for closed skills-technique adjusted during performance

Question 23

What are some disadvantages of KR feedback?

Answer 23

Not effective at autonomous/closed skills

Can only be used after movement completed-corrections not made during performance

Question 24

What are some disadvantages of KP feedback?

Answer 24

Less likely at cognitive

Gained through experience-long process-demotivating-prevents some reaching autonomous