LBB - Chapter 3 Flashcards
What sensory info is relayed by the dorsal column-medial lemniscus pathway?
Proprioception
Vibration
Light touch
Fig 3.26
What are the two major afferent pathways?
Dorsal column-medial lemmiscus
Spinothalamic
What sensory info is relayed by the anterolateral spinothalamic pathway?
Pain
Temperature
Crude touch
Fig 3.27
What is the function of the medulla?
Life support functions
Decides action of afferent and efferent pathways
What are functions of the pons?
Sleep Heart-rate Breathing Arousal Crossing of afferent and efferent pathways
What are functions of the cerebellum?
Motor control Coordination Balance Posture/equilibrium Implicit learning and memory
What are the afferents to the AN thalamic nuclei?
Hippocampus/fornix, mammillary bodies
What is the efferent to the AN nuclei?
Cingulate gyrus?
What is the function of the AN nuclei?
Explicit memory
Where is the major projection area for ACh?
Nucleus basalis of meynert
What is another name for the neocortical cell Layer I?
Molecular
What is another name for the neocortical cell Layer II?
Small pyramidal
What is another name for the neocortical cell Layer III?
Medium pyramidal
What is another name for the neocortical cell Layer IV?
Granular
What is another name for the neocortical cell Layer V?
Large pyramidal
What is another name for the neocortical cell Layer VI?
Polymorphic
What is the neocortical cell Layer I comprised of?
Dendrites and axons from other layers
What two neocortical layers contain cortical-cortical connections?
II and III
What neocortical layer receives inputs from the thalamus?
IV
What neocortical layer sends outputs to subcortical structutes
V
What neocortical layer sends outputs to the thalamus?
VI
What are the major efferent pathways?
Corticospinal
Rubrospinal
Reticulospinal
Vestibulospinal
What efferent pathway provides motor output to limb muscles?
Corticospinal
What efferent pathway provides motor output to upper extremities?
Rubrospinal
What efferent pathway provides motor output for extensor and flexor muscles?
Reticulospinal
What efferent pathway is divided into 4 subdivisions for vestibular function?
Vestibulospinal
What is the Brodman’s area for primary somatosensory cortex of postcentral gyrus?
1-3
What is the Brodman’s area for primary motor cortex?
4
What is the Brodman’s area for supplemental motor cortex?
6
What is the Brodman’s area for tertiary somatosensory area?
5
What is the Brodman’s area for heteromodal visuomotor cortex?
7
What is the Brodman’s area for frontal eye fields?
8
What is the Brodman’s area for prefrontal association areas?
9-12
What is the Brodman’s area for primary and secondary visual cortex?
17-19
What is the Brodman’s area for Visual inferiorotemporal area for recognition of visual forms?
20-21
What is the Brodman’s area for Wernicke’s area?
22
What is the Brodman’s area for higher order auditory cortex?
22
What is the Brodman’s area for limbic/emotional functions?
23-27
What is the Brodman’s area for parietal temporal occipital heteromodal association cortex?
39
What is the Brodman’s area for primary auditory cortex?
41
What is the Brodman’s area for Heschl’s gyrus?
41
What is the Brodman’s area for Broca’s area?
44
What is the Brodman’s area for the motor speech area?
44
What is the Brodman’s area for prefrontal heteromodal association cortex?
45-47
What areas does the arcuate fasciculus connect?
Temporal and frontal lobes
What is the function of the arcuate fasciculus?
Language functions associating receptive and expressive areas
What areas does the inferior longitudinal fasciculus connect?
Occipital and temporal lobes
What is the function of the inferior longitudinal fasciculus?
Semantic language, memory, visual processing
What areas does the superior longitudinal fasciculus connect?
All four lobes
What is the function of the superior longitudinal fasciculus?
Regulate motor movement, spatial orientation, spatial perception, working memory, language
What areas does the inferior occipitofrontal fasciculus connect?
Occipital, temporal and frontal lobes
What is the function of the inferior occipitofrontal fasciculus?
Visual processing, semantic memory? And language processing?
How many bones is the skull comprised of?
22
How many cranial bones are there?
8
What supports the occipital lobes horizontally and separates them from the cerebellum?
Tentorium cerebelli
What cranial nerve nuclei are contained within the medulla?
IX - XII
What is the main function of the medulla?
Houses decussation of afferent and efferent pathways leaving the brain
What cranial nerve nuclei are contained within the pons?
V - VIII
What are the main functions of the pons?
Respiration
Arousal
Attention
What is a large part of the pons made up of?
Axons entering the cerebellum
What are axons entering the cerebellum referred to as?
Cerebellar peduncles
What is the function of the cerebellum?
Coordinate voluntary movement Balance Equilibrium Muscle tone Implicit learning
What contains the efferent axons of the cerebral cortex that project to the brainstem?
Cerebral peduncle
What is the midbrain composed of?
Tectum Cerebral peduncles Tegmentum Pretectum Aqueduct of sylvias
What form the walls of the fourth ventricle?
Cerebral peduncles of midbrain
What cranial nerve nuclei are contained within the midbrain tegmentum?
III and IV
What area has a concentration of DA neurons?
Ventral tegmental area (VTA)
What connects the third and fourth ventricles?
Aqueduct of sylvias
