Law Enforcement c1700-c1900 Flashcards
How was the law previously enforced?
Parish constables- disorderly behaviour, petty criminals.
Watchmen- Protect private property.
Part-time soldiers- Riots or rebellions.
Why was the a strong opposition to the police force?
-Worried about freedoms and privacy.
-Doubted the effectiveness.
-too expensive to fund.
When was the first police force established in London?
In 1829.
How did the police try to be viewed in a positive light?
They wore blue hats and overcoats to distinguish them from the army.
Who established the Bow-street runners?
Henry Fielding.
What were the Bow-street runners?
A crime-fighting team who initially volunteered to attend crime scenes and detect criminals.
Who took over the Bow-street runners?
John Fielding in 1754.
What happened in 1785 for the bow street runners?
They were paid by the government.
What was the significance of the Bow-street runners?
To deter criminals by increasing the chances of them being caught and prosecuted.
What did the Middlesex Justices Act do?
In 1792 it set up further offices each with 6 constables.
Why was the development in the police slow?
-Public concerned about cost.
-No cooperation between areas.
-Development was optional -so many local governments didn’t bother with reform.
1856 Police Act.
All areas had to have a professional police force.
What was established in 1869?
The national crime records.
When and where did the first detective branch start?
Started in 1842 at Scotland Yard.
When was the CID ( criminal investigations division) set up?
In 1878
