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Late Adulthood Flashcards

1
Q

ageism

A

“typical” old person, often viewed as cranky an passive , without energy, dependent on others

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2
Q

infantilization

A

more living longer and healthier debunk the stereotype

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3
Q

Policy issues

A

health care costs and who will take care of them

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4
Q

life span

A

max number of years someone can live

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5
Q

life expectancy

A

number of years a person is expected to live, average is 78.7

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6
Q

Gender differences in age

A

women outlive males by average of 5 years due to health attitudes, habits, occupations, biological factor

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7
Q

Centenarians

A

increasing number, 1980- 15,000, 2050-800,000, genes, family history, health, exercise, education

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8
Q

Primary aging

A

going to happen to everybody like getting old, getting wrinkles, body slowing down, gradual

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9
Q

secondary aging

A

pathological, environment, diseases, behavior

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10
Q

physical development

A

inevitable aging like wrinkles, slowing down, loss of height and weight, exercise is important

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11
Q

Vision

A

decline in visual acuity, color vision, depth perception

  • Cataracts- thickening of lens
  • glaucoma- optic nerve damage caused by pressure from fluid buildup
  • Mucular Degeneration- center field of view becomes blurred
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12
Q

hearing

A

deterioration of cochlea

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13
Q

smell and taste

A

most lose some ability to taste and/or smell

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14
Q

touch and pain

A

decreased sensitivity of pain, may mask injury and illness

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15
Q

illness and death

A

nearly 60% of US adults 65-74 die of cardiovascular disease and cancer

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16
Q

Arthritis

A

common, deterioration and inflammation of the joints, incurable, affect whole body

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17
Q

osteoporosis

A

leading cause of broken bones for women, extensive loss of bone tissue, exercise and diet, strength building helps to strengthen bones

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18
Q

brain

A

brain loses volume and weight, by 90 20% of total brain mass is lost, USE IT OR LOSE IT, lack of stimulation, loss of growth

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19
Q

Cognitive skills

A

loss of plasticity especially 85 or older, can be improved with training

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20
Q

Dementia

A

loss or deterioration in mental functioning, memory

21
Q

Alzheimers

A

progressive disorder, destroying brain cells, form of dementia, not part of normal aging
-causes: age is a factor, genetics: ApoE, twin studies, smoking,

22
Q

Respite care

A

services that provide temporary relief to caregivers

23
Q

Aging workforce

A

percentage of older adults working has increased, many looking for a gradual exit from workforce, average age requirement women: 62, Men: 64

24
Q

Older workers

A

compared to younger workers they have lower rates of absenteenism, fewer accidents, increased job satisfaction, most people over 65 are working, 2nd or 3rd careers, many work as unpaid volunteers

25
misconceptions that prevent being hired
with expertise many believe comes requirement for higher salary but many old people just want to work and they will retire soon, out of date skills
26
transition from work to retirement
some don't retire, some move in and out of work force, some move to disability status, some retire and start volunteering
27
Erikson's 8th stage
Integrity vs despair, " I had a fulfilling life, I lived well"
28
Life review
essential piece, looking back on life 1- reminiscing for pleasure 2- reminiscing for self understanding 3- Reminiscing to solve present problems and cope with losses
29
wisdom
often results when older adults reflect on both their successes and their failures -when despair leads to depression, reminiscence therapy often helps
30
Four types of reminiscing
1- integrative- help people resolve old conflicts and reconcile disappointments 2- instrumental- facilitate coping with current problems by using coping strategies 3- Escapist- glorify past memories 4- Obsessive- emphasize the negative and results in guilt. bitterness and despair
31
Activity theory
the more active and involved older adult are, the more likely they are to be satisfied with their lives
32
Socioemotional selective theory
older adults become more selective with their social networks - spend more time with familiar individuals - Laura Cartensen
33
Social contact through lifespan are guided by both:
emotional regulation and acquisition of knowledge | -The regulation of emotion becomes increasingly salient in adulthood
34
Stratification theories
social forces and cultural influence limit choices
35
Selective optimization with compensation theory
aging linked with three factors - Selection- reduced capacity and loss of function which require a deduction in performance - Optimization- maintain performance in some areas - Compensation- when activities require higher levels of performance than older adults can provide
36
Degrees of personal life investment
25-34- work, friends, family, independence 35-54- Family, work, friends, cognitive fitness 55-65- family, health, friends, cognitive fitness 70-84- Family, health, cognitive fitness, friends 85-105- health, family, thinking about life, cognitive fitness
37
big five personality factors
impulse control, reliability, conventionality, conscientiousness, extraversion, openess
38
lifestyle changes for older adults
more remarriages, 1/3 marry, divorce and remarry
39
Married older adults
2012- 58% of 65+ were married, 27% were widowed | -Marital satisfaction is greater in older adults
40
divorced and remarried older adults
divorce is far less common among older adults, social, financial, and physical consequences of divorce -remarriage is increasing
41
Cohabiting older adults
increasing, baby boomers
42
Attachment and aging adults
fewer attachment relationships, with increasing age, attachment anxiety decreases -Insecure attachment linked to more caregiver burden
43
Friendships
maintain friends they already have, activity with friends increases life satisfaction, friends may be more important than family in predicting mental health
44
Social support and integration
Age in place, social convoy model,
45
Older adult children
familism- family> self, children are more important
46
Age, gender and ethnicity
minorities are over-represented among the poor, double or triple jeopardy
47
Gender
women experience burden of both ageism and sexism, poverty rate double for women than men
48
Successful aging
many abilities can be maintained and/or improved in older adults due to: proper diet, active lifestyle, mental stimulation and flexibility, positive coping skills, good social skills, good social relationship and support

Human Development (12 decks)

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