Language Flashcards
Rationalist
They hold that certain ideas in capabilities cannot come from experience and so must be innate. (Coming from mind)
Materialist
The belief that all discussion of ideas linguistic expression and the like is set of covenants metaphors for real physical changes in the brain and actions of the body. They believe that only gray matter matters and study thoughts and words by looking at what happens in the brain when people think, speak, write and listen
Language acquisition
The way infants learn to understand and speak their native language, not the process of learning language in school
BF skinners behaviorist model
Infants are trained in language by operant conditioning. Example- baby eventually saying bu-ba when dad says bottle and recovering positive reinforcement.
Noam Chomsky -language acquisition device
Later renamed universal grammar. An innate feature unique to the human mind that allows people to gain mastery of language from limited exposure during the sensitive developmental years in early childhood. Humans have the innate ability to make grammatical distinctions and do so naturally when exposed to language at a young age
Influence of language and cognition
some believe that The first stage of acquiring language is immersion and social speech which is analogous to other social phenomena. This moves gradually into egocentric speech or private speech where in children begin talking to themselves experimenting with language is a kind of thinking out loud. The final stage of language acquisition is in her speech the point at which a child’s understanding of grammar in the relationship between words and objects is sufficiently Advanced to allow him to think in words without mouthing them.prior to this point speech and though are separate activities but at this point thought becomes verbal.
Linguistic relativity hypothesis
Asserts that not only do language in that overlap but cognition and perception are determined by the language one speaks. This hypothesis focuses on important distinctions among families of languages such as Western European versus East Asian languages. Native speakers in these language groups conceptualize the world differently. Good and you in peoples conceive of snow differently from English speakers as evidenced by the fact that they have so many more words for snow…. But so do skiers of different languages
Brocas area
Located in the left hemisphere of the frontal lobe of the brain is involved in the complicated process of speech production. Brock is Ariel was discovered in several people had injury to this area lost the ability to speak a disorder now termed as Broncos aphasia. People with this disorder know what they want to say but are unable to communicate it. Monotone and lack functional words
Warnicke’s area
Located in the posterior section of the temporal lobe and the dominant hemisphere of the brain the left for most people, it is involved in the comprehension of speech written language. Injury to this area cause a speech production that retains a natural sounding rhythm and syntax but it’s completely meaningless. In other words people with Warnicke’s aphasia do not have a problem producing speech but are in capable of producing intelligible meaningful language. Words are used incorrectly
Empiricist
Those who argue that language is just another example of condition behavior. They believe that the study of psychology should focus on direct Lee observable environmental factors as opposed to abstract mental states.
