Laboratory Safety and Waste Management Flashcards
This organization ensure safe and healthful working conditions for worker by setting and enforcing standards.
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
A federal agency that conducts and supports health promotion, prevention, and preparedness activities.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Organization that provides the guidelines for writing standard procedures and policies.
Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI)
A source or a situation with a potential for causing harm.
Hazard
This type of hazard is because of a chemical substance such as formalin that could irritate the eyes.
Chemical hazard
This is the potential that a chosen action will lead to an underside outcome.
Risk
Risk = ______ + Situation/Action
Hazard
This is the transmission of the agent from its reservoir through the portal of exit then enters through an appropriate portal of entry to infect a susceptible host.
Chain of infection
This is developed by all healthcare facilities to control and monitor the infections occurring within the facilities.
Infection control
This component of chain of infection pertains to viruses, parasites, fungi, bacteria, and prion.
Infectious Agent
Infectious disease can be carried by humans, animals, insects, and fomites. They are called?
Reservoir
Give examples of portal of exit.
Nose, mouth, mucous membranes, and specimen collection
This is the term where the disease could be droplet, airborne, contact, vector, and vehicle.
Means of transmission
This is usually similar to portal of exit.
Portal of entry
These are the usually the patients, elderly, bee orbs, immuno-compromised individuals, and health care workers.
Susceptible Host
How to break the link of reservoir?
Disinfection and hand hygiene
How to break the link of means of transmission?
Hand hygiene, safety precautions, PPE, and patient isolation
How to break the link of portal of exit?
Sealed bio hazardous waste containers
Sealed specimen containers
Hand hygiene
Standard precautions
How to break the link of portal of entry?
Hand hygiene, standard precautions, PPE, and sterile equipment
How to break the link of susceptible host?
Immunizations, patient isolation, nursery precautions, and healthy lifestyle
This is a universal precaution.
Hand hygiene
This was created in 1987, for blood-borne pathogens.
Universal Precautions
What are the blood borne pathogens included in universal precaution?
Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Hepatitis B Virus
Wearing ____ and ____ is recommended with visibly bloody specimens according to UP.
Gloves and face shields
When it comes to handling sharp object you need to have?
Puncture-resistant container
Under UP where it tackles to be safe against all body fluids and moist body substances.
Body Substance Isolation (BSI)
All health workers handling certain body fluids should wear?
Gloves
True or False. According to BSI hand washing is recommended after gloving of contamination is not visible.
False. It is not recommended.
Standard Precaution: the current routine infection control policy is developed by?
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
This is what you immediately do after removing gloves.
Hand washing
This must be worn when handling blood, body fluids, secretion, excretions, and contaminated items.
Gloves
Mucous membrane protection. Must be worn if there is a possible portal of entry for the pathogen.
Mask, Eye Protection, and Face shield
Appropriate for the amount of fluid that could be splashed.
Gown
These objects need to be dispose or sterile as per protocol.
Patient-Care Equipment
Cleaning and disinfection of surfaces.
Environmental Control
Prevent exposure when handling; Handling visible soiled - splash of blood.
Linen
This is when it comes to handling syringes.
Blood-borne pathogens
Isolation if needed.
Patient Placement
Occupational Exposure to Blood-Borne Pathogens Standard are monitored and enforced by?
Occupational and Safety Health Administration (OSHA)
All employees shall practice?
Universal and Standard Precautions
Employer should provide?
PPE (gowns, coats, face and respiratory protection, gloves) and laundry facilities for non-disposables
To prohibits needle recapping they should provide?
Sharps disposal
What are the prohibited actions in a working area?
Eating, drinking, smoking, and applying cosmetics
All hazardous materials should be?
Labeled
What color of bags for discarding EDTA tubes, bloods?
Yellow plastic bags
True or False. Empty containers can be discarded in biologically hazardous waste since urine itself can be discarded in the sink.
False. can be discarded in NON-biologically hazardous waste
There should be free immunization for?
Hepatitis B Virus
Disinfectant protocol should be done how often?
Daily
Household bleach should be diluted 1:10. Where
1 part is _____ and 10 parts is ______?
1 part: sodium hypochlorite.
10 parts: water (usually distilled).
Provide medical follow-up for workers exposed to?
Blood-borne pathogens
True or False. Regular employee safety training should be documented.
True.
What is the incident called if a person has been exposed to blood-borne pathogens?
Post-Exposure Prophylaxis
What are the three things should be done when there is Post-Exposure Prophylaxis?
- Report the accident immediately to the supervisor.
- Testing must be done immediately.
- HIV exposure prophylaxis must start within 24 hours and should be checked again after 6 months.
This type of hazard concentrates on the risks related to the analysis of blood, urine, and other body fluids via inhalation, ingestion, direct contact, tactile contamination, or needle insertion.
Biological Hazard
This is a specialized clothing or equipment is worn by employees for protection against infectious materials.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
PPE protect a person from?
- risks in work
- prevents entering of mucosal substances
- prevents inhalation of airborne pathogens
This PPE protects our skin and prevents soiling of clothes.
Requirement:
Non-sterile
Fluid resistant
Rear fastening gowns
Laboratory Gown
This PPE protect non-intact skin if you have bruises, cuts. It is also protection before touching the mucous membrane
Gloves
What type of gloves to avoid?
Latex
If you are wearing gloves do not touch what type of areas?
Open areas
This type of gloves is used for food preparation only.
Polyethylene gloves
This gloves are resistant to puncturing, serve as an optimal barrier against biological contaminants, for janitorial purposes.
Latex gloves
This type of glove is a fabric type, protect against soils, flames, heat, and other environmental situations, usually used for high risk only and allergies with latex are present.
Neoprene gloves
This type of gloves usually used in the laboratory for short term, alternative for latex gloves, for janitorial purposes in handling waste.
Vinyl gloves
This gloves are usually used in the laboratory, high quality replacement for latex gloves.
Nitrile gloves
This PPE protects your face from splashes and mucous membrane. It needs to be Fitted and Fluid-resistant.
Face Protection
The single most effective way to prevent the spread of infections.
Hand Washing
How many steps are there for Hand Washing?
7
This step “Wet hands with warm water.” is no.?
1
This step “Dry with a paper towel.” is no.?
6
This step “Clean between fingers/thumbs and up to the wrist.” is no.?
4
This step “Apply soap.” is no.?
2
This step “Turn off the faucet with a paper towel.” is no.?
7
This step is “Rub, create friction, loosen debris.” no.?
3
This step is “Rinse in a downward position.” no.?
5
Steps 3 and 4 of hand washing should be done for how long?
20 seconds
This hazard includes sharp objects in the laboratory including needles, lancets, broken glassware, syringes.
Sharps Hazard
True or False. Physical Hazard poses a serious threat regarding HBV, HIV as these are blood-borne pathogens.
False. Sharps Hazard
This contains the physical and chemical properties, flammability, reactivity, health hazards, emergency first aid procedures, and methods for safe handling and disposal.
Material Safety Data Sheets
Chemical Hygiene Plan is written by?
Occupational and Safety Health Administration
These are attached to containers that could be Poison, corrosive, carcinogenic.
Hazard Labels
A term which means it could ignite fire upon exposure to oxygen (metal hydride, metal carbonyls, gases).
Pyrophorics
These hazards are usually encountered in the radiology department.
Radioactive Hazards
The amount of radiation in the laboratory setting is ______, but radiation effects are ________.
minute
cumulative
The danger of electrocution in the laboratory is great due to the presence of multiple electrical equipment.
Electrical Hazard
Which statement/s is not true?
Do not operate machines with dry hands.
Monitor electrical equipment closely.
Wet equipment should be allowed to dry first before plugging it in.
All equipment must be grounded with two-pronged plugs.
Do not operate machines with dry(wet) hands.
All equipment must be grounded with two(three)-pronged plugs.
These hazards may lead to electrocution.
Fire and Explosive Hazard
What is RACE?
RescueAlertContainExtinguish
What is PASS?
PullAimSqueezeSweep
The fire involves electrical and can only be extinguish by dry chemicals, carbon dioxide, or halon. What class is this?
Class C
The fire is Class K which means it may involve grease, oils, or fats. What is/are the extinguisher?
Liquid designed to prevent splashing and cool the fire.
Dry chemicals as extinguisher are what classes?
Class ABC
This degree of burn affects your dermis and epidermis.
Second Degree Burn
Repetitive tasks performed in the laboratory can put stress on the body causing disorders in posture/position.
Ergonomic Hazards
The following are example of what type of hazard?
Running in rooms and hallways
Wet floors
Lifting heavy ob
Physical Hazards
This is defined as special waste from healthcare facilities that if improperly treated or handled, “may transmit infectious diseases.”
Medical waste
Which of the following is/are not true about Biohazardous waste consideration:
Must be placed in a bag marked with a biohazard symbol.
Then, placed in a puncture-proof container with a loose lid.
Needles should be transported, bent, or destroyed by hand.
Contaminated combustible waste can be incinerated.
Glassware should be autoclaved first after being discarded.
Then, placed in a puncture-proof container with a loose(tight) lid.
Needles should (not) be transported, bent, or destroyed by hand.
Glassware should be autoclaved first after(before) being discarded.
