Digestive System Flashcards
A tube extending from the mouth to the anus.
Also known as Gastrointestinal tract.
Digestive Alimentary Tract
These organs are primarily glands that secrete fluids into the digestive tract
Accessory Organs
Digestive Alimentary Tract consists of:
Mouth
Pharynx
Esophagus
Stomach
Small Intestine
Large intestine
Anus
Accessory Organs consists of:
Teeth
Tongue
Salivary Glands
Liver
Pancreas
Gallbladder
The study of digestive tract and diagnosis and treatment of its disease is called?
gastroenterology
Intake of solid or liquid food into the stomach. The normal route of ingestion is through the oral cavity.
Ingestion
Is the process in which the teeth chew food in the mouth. This is the start of mechanical digestion in the process of digestion.
Mastication
The movement of food from one end of the digestive tract to the other.
Propulsion
The total time it takes for the food to travel, the whole length of digestive tract is?
24 to 36 hours
Also known as deglutition, which is the movement of liquids or the soft mass of food and liquid called the bolus (mixture of masticated food and digestive/salivary enzymes). From the oral cavity to the esophagus, usually done voluntarily.
Swallowing
Muscular contractions that propels materials to the most of the digestive tract. Could also be called peristaltic waves since it is the movement that causes Peristalsis. They are muscular contractions that consist of waves of relaxation, the circular muscles in front of the bolus followed by a wave of strong contractions of circular muscle behind the bolus (left part of the picture).
Peristalsis
Contraction that moves particles in some parts of the large intestine to the anus.
Mass movements
Some contractions do not propel food from one end of the digestive tract to the other, but rather move it back and forth within the digestive tract to mix it with digestive secretions and help it break to smaller pieces.
Mixing
As food moves through the digestive tract _____________ are added to help it lubricate, liquify, buffer, and digest the food.
secretions
There is secretion called _____________ that is secreted all throughout the digestive tract and its function is to lubricate the food and lining of the tract. It also has the function to protect the epithelial cells of the digestive tract from mechanical abrasion caused by food, stomach acid, and digestive enzymes.
mucus or mucin
The breakdown of large organic molecules into their component parts.
Digestion
____________________ involves the mastication and mixing of food by your peristaltic movements or waves
Mechanical Digestion
______________ accomplished by digestive enzymes secreted along the digestive tract.
Chemical Digestion
Movement of molecules out of the digestive tract and into the blood or the lymphatic system.
Absorption
Process in which the waste products of digestion are removed from the body.
Elimination
Innermost layer. Secretion of mucus, digestive enzymes, and hormones; Absorption of end products into the blood; Protection against infectious diseases.
Mucosa
Mucosa Consists of 3 layers of its own, what are they?
1st: Loose Connective Tissue (Lamina Propia)
2nd: Thin layer of Smooth Muscle (Muscularis Mucosae)
3rd: Inner layer of Epithelium
Thicker layer of connective tissue. Contains glands, blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves. The blood vessels absorb and transport nutrients and some elastic fibers help maintain the shape of each organ.
Submucosa
This layer of digestive system Regularly contracts and relaxes to propel food.
Muscularis or Muscularis Externa