L9 - Respiratory System Flashcards
What is the technical term for the nostrils? What passageway leads from the nasal cavity into the nasopharynx?
External nares; internal nares (or choanae)
What three structures make up the nasal septum?
The vomer, ethmoidal perpendicular plate, and the nasal cartilage
What three sections make up the pharynx?
The nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx
What are the three main lymphatic tissues in the pharynx?
The lingual, palatine, and pharyngeal (adenoids) tonsils.
What is the purpose of the uvula?
It elevates during swallowing to prevent food from entering the nasal cavity
What tissue lines the nasal cavity?
Ciliated, mucus-secreting cells
Where is the soft palate in relation to the hard palate?
The soft palate is the posterior portion of the roof lacking bone
What is the purpose of the larynx?
To prevent food from entering the lungs; to produce sound
What main three cartilages make up the larynx?
The thyroid (superior and anterior), cricoid (inferior and anterior), and arytenoid (small and posterior) cartilages
What is the difference between the glottis and the epiglottis?
The epiglottis is the cartilage flap that closes over the larynx during swallowing to protect the trachea from food; the glottis is the structure composed of the vocal folds and space between them
Which is most medial, the true or false vocal cords?
The true vocal cords
What laryngeal cartilage allows for attachment of the vocal cords?
The arytenoid
What two structures does the cricoid cartilage connect?
The thyroid cartilage to the trachea inferiorly
What is the name for the space between the tongue and the epiglottis?
The vallecula
What does the lateral cricoarytenoid do?
Closes the rima glottidis (glottis opening)
Note: the transverse and oblique cricoarytenoid also close the rima glottidis
Where are the transverse and oblique cricoarytenoids?
Note: they close the rima glottidis along with the lateral cricoarytenoid
Where is the posterior cricoarytenoid?
What two muscles tense the vocal cords?
The cricothyroid and the thyrovocalis
The thyromuscularis relaxes the vocal folds. Where is it located?
