L2 - Axial Skeleton (Vertebral Column and Rib Cage) Flashcards
What is the name of the cushions between vertebrae? What are the two portions?
The intervertebral discs; annulus fibrosis (outer ring) and nucleus pulposus (inner ring)
How many cervical vertebrae are there?
What is the name of C-1?
What is the name of C-2?
7
atlas (supports the head)
axis (serves as a pivot point for C-1)
How many thoracic vertebrae are there? Lumbar? Sacral? Coccygeal?
12; 5; 5 (fused); 4 (fused)
What structures are found in vertebra at each level?
Body (anterior portion in line with intervertebral discs); vertebral foramen; pedicle; transverse processes; lamina; spinous process (most posterior portion); articular facets; articular processes
What structures do the cervical vertebrae have that the other levels don’t?
Transverse foramina
What structure juts up superiorly from the axis to pass through the vertebral foramen of the atlas?
The odontoid process (aka the dens)
What structures do the thoracic vertebrae have that the others do not?
Costal facets; costal demifacets
What portion of the sacrum interacts with the os coxa? What is the name of the holes in the sacrum?
The auricular surface; the sacral foramina
From superior to inferior, what three bones make up the sternum?
Manubrium, body, xiphoid process
What is the name of the landmark found at the superior portion of the manubrium?
The jugular notch
What connects the ribs to the sternum?
Costal cartilage
Costal cartilage from which vertebrae interact with the body of the sternum?
T2-T7
Which of the twelve pairs of ribs are true ribs? What does this mean?
The ribs attached to vertebrae T1-T7; these ribs are attached directly to the sternum via costal cartilage
Which of the twelve pairs of ribs are false ribs? Which of these false ribs are floating ribs?
Those attached to vertebrae T8-T12;
T11-T12 (not attached to sternum at all)
What are the main landmarks of the rib?
The head, tubercle, costal groove, and shaft
