L1 - Appendicular Skeleton (Upper)

Question 1

What bones make up the pectoral girdle?

Answer 1

The scapula and clavicle

Question 2

What are the two ends of the clavicle? How can they be differentiated?

Answer 2

The sternal end and the acromial end;

the sternal end is the medial, flatter end, and the acromial end is the lateral, rounded end that articulates with the scapula

Question 3

What are the main landmarks to know on the posterior scapula?

Answer 3

Supraspinous fossa

Spine

Infraspinous fossa

Acromion process

Question 4

What process of the scapula articulates with the clavicle?

Answer 4

The acromion process

Question 5

What are the main landmarks on the anterior scapula?

Answer 5

Subscapular fossa

Coracoid process

Supraglenoid tubercle

Glenoid cavity

Infraglenoid tubercle

Question 6

What bones make up the upper extremity?

Answer 6

Humerus, radius, ulna, carpals, metacarpals, phalanges

Question 7

What portion of the humerus articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula?

Answer 7

The humeral head

Question 8

What is the difference between the anatomical neck and the surgical neck of the humerus?

Answer 8

Question 9

What are the names of the two bony processes lateral to the head of the humerus? What is the name of the groove running between them?

Answer 9

The greater tubercle (lateral to the humeral head); the lesser tubercle (anterior to the greater tubercle); the intertubercular groove

Question 10

What is the name of the roughened elevation on the lateral side of the humeral shaft? (a site of muscle attachment)

Answer 10

Deltoid tuberosity

Question 11

What are the names of the four processes of the distal humerus?

Answer 11

Lateral epicondyle

Capitulum (lateral condyle)

Medial epicondyle

Trochlea (medial condyle)

Question 12

Which condyle of the humerus articulates with the radius?

Which condyle of the humerus articulates with the ulna?

Answer 12

The capitulum (lateral)

The trochlea (medial)

Question 13

What are the names of the two fossa on the distal portion of the humerus that interact with the ulnar processes?

Answer 13

The coronoid fossa (anterior) and the olecranon fossa (posterior)

Question 14

What two structures do both the radius and ulna have on their shafts?

Answer 14

A tuberosity (radial or ulnar) and an interosseus crest (these crests point towards one another)

Question 15

What is the name of the flat knob on the proximal end of the radius?

Answer 15

The head

Question 16

Name the following landmarks on the proximal portion of the ulna:

1. the groove in which the humerus sits
2. the superior process on that groove
3. the inferior process on that groove

Answer 16

1. the trochlear notch
2. the olecranon process
3. the coronoid process

Question 17

Name the eight carpal bones.

Answer 17

Scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform, hamate, capitate, trapezoid, trapezium

Question 18

Which carpal bone is the largest and makes up the base of the wrist on the thumb’s side?

Answer 18

The scaphoid

Question 19

Which two carpal bones protrude slightly on the pinky’s side of the hand?

Answer 19

The pisiform and the hamate (specifically the hook of the hamate)

Question 20

How many metacarpal bones are there?

Answer 20

Five

Question 21

There is a proximal, middle, and distal phalange for each finger except which?

Answer 21

The pollex (thumb) has only a proximal phalange and a distal phalange.