L4 - Upper Muscles (Head, Neck, and Trunk) Flashcards
What three muscles make up the epicranius (group of muscles above the skull)?
Frontalis, galea aponeurotica, occipitalis
What three muscles close the jaw?
Temporalis, medial pterygoid, and masseter
What muscle surrounds the eye?
The orbicularis oculi
Where is the corrugator supercilii? What does it do?
Inferior to the eyebrows; moves the eyebrows medially
What muscle is lateral to the nasalis and elevates the corner of the mouth? What muscle lies just deep to that muscle?
Levator labii superioris;
Levator anguli oris
Where is the zygomaticus?
Descends from the cheekbone laterally towards the corner of the mouth
What muscle runs laterally underneath the masseter and makes the mouth take a sucking or puckered shape?
The buccinator
What muscle opens the mouth?
Lateral pterygoid
What muscle encircles the mouth and closes it in a kissing shape?
Orbicularis oris
What muscle creates a frown, and what muscle pulls the lips down?
Depressor anguli oris; depressor labii oris
What is the most medial chin muscle?
Mentalis
What broad muscle extends vertically down the neck?
The platysma
What are the four strap muscles that help depress the hyoid bone?
Omohyoid
Sternohyoid
Sternothyroid
Thyrohyoid
Where is the two-headed digastric muscle, and what does it do?
Under the chin; lowers the mandible
What muscle lies between the tongue and the digastric?
The mylohyoid
Where is the sternocleidomastoid?
What do the scalenes do? (a set of deep muscles that are lateral and attach cervical vertebrae to the first and second ribs)
They are deep, lateral, and they help elevate the first and second ribs to aid in breathing
Where are the splenus capitus and splenus cervicis on the neck?
What two muscles reach all the way from the back up to the neck?
Semispinalis and longissimus
Where are the suboccipital muscles?
A group of four muscles at the base of the skull
What four muscles make up the rotator cuff?
Supraspinatous
Infraspinatous
Teres minor
Subscapularis
What two muscles lie just superficial to serratus posterior superior and just deep to the trapezius?
Rhomboid major (inferior) and rhomboid minor (superior)
What muscle connects the upper angle of the scapula and the cervical vertebrae?
The levator scapulae
What lower back fascia is made up of the aponeuroses of the oblique muscles (just deep to the latissimus dorsi)?
The thoracolumbar fascia
What muscle covers the humeral head and rotator cuff?
The deltoid
What muscles make up the chest?
Serratus anterior (deep), pectoralis major, pectoralis minor
