L3 - Lower Muscles (Abdomen and Upper Leg) Flashcards
What are the four main abdominal muscles? What are two others?
External oblique, internal oblique, transversus abdominis, rectus abdominis
Psoas major and quadratus lumborum
What is the name of the connective tissue that lies vertically between the two halves of rectus abdominis?
The linea alba
What two structures are connected by the inguinal ligament?
The iliac crest and the pubic tubercle
Which muscle is the psoas major?
Which muscle is the iliacus?
What muscles merge to form the iliopsoas below the inguinal ligament?
The iliacus and the psoas major
What square muscle attaches to the iliac crest and vertebrae and extends the spine?
Quadratus lumborum
How are the quadratus lumborum, psoas major, and iliacus situated next to one another?
What three muscles make up the erector spinae?
The spinalis, longissimus, and iliocostalis
Where is the multifidus?
Deepest muscle down the spine (just deep to the spinalis)
What portions of the spine are covered by the spinalis muscle?
The thoracic vertebrae
What serrated muscle runs transversally and is located deep to the rhomboids on the upper back?
Serratus posterior superior
What serrated muscle is located just deep to the latissimus dorsi and just superficial to the erector spinae?
Serratus posterior inferior
What are the three gluteal muscles?
Gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, and gluteus minimus
Outline the deep hip rotators (all just inferior to the gluteus medius):
Piriformis
Superior gemellus
Obturaror internus
Inferior gemellus
Quadratus femoris
Obturator externus
Where do most of the deep hip rotators insert?
The greater trochanter
What muscle is just deep to quadratus femoris?
Obturator externus
How many muscle compartments are there in the leg?
Three: anterior, medial, and posterior
What small muscle is located medial to the iliopsoas and flexes/adducts the femur?
Pectineus
What muscle extends diagonally from the anterior superior iliac spine across the anterior compartment of the leg to insert in the pes anserinus?
Sartorius
What muscle on the superior lateral aspect of the thigh is attached to the iliotibial tract and is responsible for femur abduction?
Tensor fasciae latae
What four muscles make up the quadriceps femoris?
Rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius, and vastus lateralis
The rectus femoris lies directly on top of which of the vastus muscles of the quadriceps femoris?
Vastus intermedius
Which four muscles make up the medial compartment of the upper leg?
Gracilis, adductor longus, adductor brevis, and adductor magnus
What muscle lies between adductor longus (superficial) and adductor magnus (deep)?
Adductor brevis
What three muscles insert into the pes anserinus?
Gracilis, sartorius, and semitendinosus
What three muscles make up the hamstrings?
Semimembranosus (most medial), semitendinosus, and biceps femoris (most lateral)
Which muscle sits just deep to semitendinosus?
Semimembranosus
