L6 - Special Senses Flashcards
What structures make up the external ear?
The auricle (pinna) and the external auditory meatus
In what order do soundwaves travel through the middle ear?
Tympanic membrane, malleus, incus, stapes (which attaches to the oval (vestibular) window in the middle ear)
What skeletal muscle inserts on the malleus?
What tube does it travel through to reach the pharynx?
Tensor tympani;
the eustachian tube
What two membranes separate the middle and inner ear?
Oval window (superior); round window (inferior
What structures make up the inner ear?
The vestibule, semicircular canals, and cochlea
Describe the inside of the cochlea.
Three chambers stacked one on top of another (scala vestibuli, scala media, scala tympani). The tectorial membrane (organ of corti) and basilar membrane are in the scala media. The outer two are full of perilymph, and the middle one is full of endolymph.
What types of papillae (taste buds) does the tongue have?
Filiform (smallest and most numerous found throughout the anterior 2/3 of the tongue), fungiform (intermediate and scattered with filiform), circumvallate (largest at the back of the tongue), foliate (lateral tongue - no actual taste buds)
What anchors the anterior tongue to the bottom of the mouth?
The lingual frenulum
What is the technical term for the eyelid? What muscle raises the upper eyelid?
Palpebrae; levator palpebrae superioris
What two types of gland release secretions onto the eye?
Tarsal glands (oily fluids - upper and lower eyelids); lacrimal glands (tears and lysozyme - lateral portion of upper eyelid)
Trace the path of a tear from the lacrimal gland to the nasal cavity.
Lacrimal gland –> excretoy ductules –> lacrimal punctum –> lacrimal canals –> lacrimal sac –> nasolacrimal duct
Name the extraocular muscles that control the eye.
Lateral rectus, inferior rectus, inferior oblique, medial rectus, superior oblique, and superior rectus
What structure does the superior oblique pass through?
The trochlea (a loop of ligamentous tissue)
Describe the general anatomy of the eye. Use the following terms: sclera, conjunctiva, cornea, choroid, ciliary body, ciliary zonules, iris, ora serrata, pupil, lens, retina (macula lutea, fovea centralis, optic disc)
Describe the general anatomy of the eye. Use the following terms: anterior chamber, posterior chamber (between the iris and the lens), vitreous chamber, aqueous humor, vitreous humor, hyaloid canal
What muscle attaches to the stapes?
The stapedius
What type of gland produces earwax (cerumen)?
Ceruminous glands
