L3+4 Flashcards
when fate maps are being generated, a cell is injected with a dye such as
nile blue or dil
it stays injected in the cell, and its daughter cells
after dye is added to a cell, what happens when one is generating a fate map?
injection of RNA for a marker gene
when one injects RNA for a marker gene, it might dilute it and make it difficult to trace the final gene. what are two solutions to this?
infection with a retrovirus carrying a beta-galactosidase reporter gene
graft a labelled tissue such as grafting quail tissue into a chicken embryo
what is beta-galactosidase?
marker gene
how does grafting a labelled tissue into a different embryo help identify the final gene?
nuclei are different
differentiation
the process by which a cell adopts its final shape, size, and properties by expressing proteins specific to its cell type
potency
the range of different cell fates a particular cell will produce
totipotent
can produce all cell types of the organism
commitment
a cell is described as being commited to a particular cell fate (before final decision point)
determination
the irreversible commitment of a cell to a particular fate
in explantation and ablation, what are you doing
removing neighbouring cells
animal cap cells adjacent to vegetal cells will differentiate into ____
new cell types
animal cap cells respond to signal from vegetal cells for a limited time period T or F
t
competence
the ability of a group of cells to respond to a signal
membrane proteins are potentially what
receptors
nuclear proteins are potentially what
transcription factors
immunohistochemistry relies on what
specificity of antibodies
in diffusion, how does recognition happen?
diffused, then detected by neighbouring cells
in direct contact, how does recognition happen?
detected by direct neighbours
in gap junction, how does recognition happen?
causes change in neighbours (i think)
what are the two possible models for generating differences between cells?
cell-cell signalling or induction
asymmetric cell division or segregation of cytoplasmic determinants
in p. granule segregation in c.elegans, if the granules are inherited by different cells, they will go on to form ___
gonads
what is required for gonad development?
Pgl-1
___ proteins and ___ are required for the localization of pie-1 and pgl-1
par
mex-5&6
late gonidia are what
transcription repressors
in an ablation experiment, what happens/
laser to destroy p2 cells
what is signal for apx-1 expression?
p2
____ is required for germline development and is segregated to P1
pie-1
