L3+4

Question 1

when fate maps are being generated, a cell is injected with a dye such as

Answer 1

nile blue or dil

it stays injected in the cell, and its daughter cells

Question 2

after dye is added to a cell, what happens when one is generating a fate map?

Answer 2

injection of RNA for a marker gene

Question 3

when one injects RNA for a marker gene, it might dilute it and make it difficult to trace the final gene. what are two solutions to this?

Answer 3

infection with a retrovirus carrying a beta-galactosidase reporter gene
graft a labelled tissue such as grafting quail tissue into a chicken embryo

Question 4

what is beta-galactosidase?

Answer 4

marker gene

Question 5

how does grafting a labelled tissue into a different embryo help identify the final gene?

Answer 5

nuclei are different

Question 6

differentiation

Answer 6

the process by which a cell adopts its final shape, size, and properties by expressing proteins specific to its cell type

Question 7

potency

Answer 7

the range of different cell fates a particular cell will produce

Question 8

totipotent

Answer 8

can produce all cell types of the organism

Question 9

commitment

Answer 9

a cell is described as being commited to a particular cell fate (before final decision point)

Question 10

determination

Answer 10

the irreversible commitment of a cell to a particular fate

Question 11

in explantation and ablation, what are you doing

Answer 11

removing neighbouring cells

Question 12

animal cap cells adjacent to vegetal cells will differentiate into ____

Answer 12

new cell types

Question 13

animal cap cells respond to signal from vegetal cells for a limited time period T or F

Answer 13

t

Question 14

competence

Answer 14

the ability of a group of cells to respond to a signal

Question 15

membrane proteins are potentially what

Answer 15

receptors

Question 16

nuclear proteins are potentially what

Answer 16

transcription factors

Question 17

immunohistochemistry relies on what

Answer 17

specificity of antibodies

Question 18

in diffusion, how does recognition happen?

Answer 18

diffused, then detected by neighbouring cells

Question 19

in direct contact, how does recognition happen?

Answer 19

detected by direct neighbours

Question 20

in gap junction, how does recognition happen?

Answer 20

causes change in neighbours (i think)

Question 21

what are the two possible models for generating differences between cells?

Answer 21

cell-cell signalling or induction

asymmetric cell division or segregation of cytoplasmic determinants

Question 22

in p. granule segregation in c.elegans, if the granules are inherited by different cells, they will go on to form ___

Answer 22

gonads

Question 23

what is required for gonad development?

Answer 23

Pgl-1

Question 24

___ proteins and ___ are required for the localization of pie-1 and pgl-1

Answer 24

par
mex-5&6

Question 25

late gonidia are what

Answer 25

transcription repressors

Question 26

in an ablation experiment, what happens/

Answer 26

laser to destroy p2 cells

Question 27

what is signal for apx-1 expression?

Answer 27

p2

Question 28

____ is required for germline development and is segregated to P1

Answer 28

pie-1