L21: Personality Disorders

Question 1

(Personality) Trait

Answer 1

Uniquely expressed characteristics that influence behaviors, emotions, thoughts, and interactions;

particular, predictable, flexible characteristics

Question 2

(Personality) Disorder

Answer 2

an enduring, rigid, long-standing pattern of inner experience and outward behavior that leads to significant problems and psychological pain for self and others

Question 3

Paranoid Personality Disorder

Answer 3

• Characterized by deep distrust and suspicion of others
• Fidelity of partners, loyalty of others, deception
• Limited close relationships; cold and distant affect; reluctant to confide in others
• Reads hidden demeaning or threatening messages in benign remarks or events
• Holds grudges
• Perceives attacks on their character that aren’t obvious to others - quick to react or counterattack

Question 4

Psychodynamic

Answer 4

Linked to patterns of early interactions with demanding parents

Question 5

Cognitive-behavioral

Answer 5

Tied to broad maladaptive assumptions

Question 6

Cognitive-behavioral treatments aims to:

Answer 6

reduce anxiety
improve interpersonal problem-solving
develop more realistic interpretations of words and events

Question 7

Schizoid

Answer 7

persistent avoidance of social relationships; little demonstration of emotions
focus primarily on self and is generally unaffected by praise or criticism
preference for being alone; weak social skills
lack of intimacy interest; often marital or family problems

Question 8

Schizotypal

Answer 8

• a range of interpersonal problems, marked by extreme discomfort in close relationships, odd (even bizarre) ways of thinking, behavioral eccentricities
• believe unrelated events pertain to them in important ways; bodily illusions
• difficulty keeping attention focused; conversation is typically digressive and vague, even sprinkled with loose associations

Question 9

Hypothesized Causes of Schizoid

Answer 9

Psychodynamic: Rooted in unsatisfied need for human contact; unaccepting and/or abusive parents

Cognitive-behavioral: Tied to deficiencies in thinking; inability to pick up emotional cues; language and motor skills delays

Biological: drugs don’t help much

Question 10

Hypothesized Causes of Schizotypal

Answer 10

• More similar to schizophrenia factors
• Cognitive-behavioral: help client recognize unusual thoughts and magical predictions; speech lessons, social skills training, appropriate dress and manners recognition; help the client reconnect to world and recognize thinking limits
• Biological: Some patients benefit from low-dose antipsychotic drugs

Question 11

Sociopath (Antisocial Personality Disorder)

Answer 11

Behavior results from social conflicts

Question 12

Psychopath (Pshychopathy)

Answer 12

disorder has psychological , bio, genetic, and environmental roots

Question 13

All _____ have ___________ disorde, but not all individuals with ______________ are ____________.

Answer 13

Psychopath, antisocial personify disorder;

Antisocial personality disorder, psychopath