L19: Intellectual disability

Question 1

DSM Criteria for ID

Answer 1

1. Onset during developmental period

2. Intellectual AND adaptive functioning deficits

Question 2

Intellectual functioning deficits

Answer 2

reasoning, problem solving, planning, abstract thinking, logic

• must be confirmed by clinical assessment and a standardized intelligence test

Question 3

Adaptive functioning deficits

Answer 3

meeting developmental and sociocultural standards for personal independence and social responsibility

• activities of family life like communication, social participation, independent living

Question 4

Severity levels of ID

Answer 4

Mild, moderate, severe, profound

• based on the level of adaptive functioning, NOT based on IQ/intellectual score

Question 5

Mild severity level of ID

Answer 5

Somewhat concrete approach to problems, trouble with academic learning;

concrete or immature in social interactions;

can do personal care but might need help budgeting or grocery shopping, etc.

Question 6

Moderate severity level of ID

Answer 6

Typically only reach elementary level of academic knowledge, need help with conceptual tasks;

less complex speech,

difficulty interpreting social cues,

need assistance with life decisions;

teaching and reminders for personal care,

require support from coworkers

Question 7

Severe severity level of ID

Answer 7

Little understanding of written language or concepts involving numbers, time, money,

need extensive support for problem-solving;

speech might be single words/phrases;

requires support for personal care, supervision

Question 8

Profound severity levels of ID

Answer 8

Conceptual skills limited typically to physical world and no symbols,

could be capable of matching and sorting but functional use of objects might be limited;

might understand simple instructions or gestures, expresses self with nonverbal communication;

need support for personal care, frequently have sensory or physical impairments that limit activities

Question 9

Typical IQ scores // to severity levels

Answer 9

Mild: 50-70
Moderate: 35-49
Severe: 20-34
Profound: <20

Question 10

Causes of ID

Answer 10

Biological
- Chromosomal: Down’s syndrome (most common), Fragile X syndrome (2nd most common)

Metabolic

• Cannot breakdown or produce of chemicals;
• Others affect intelligence and development via PKU or Tay-Sachs disease

Non Biological

• Prenatal problems
• Birth complications

Question 11

Quality of life for people with ID largely depends on ________

Answer 11

Sociocultural factors

Question 12

Proper residence for ppl with ID

Answer 12

• Parents with ID kids send them to public institutions (state schools) ASAP
• Today, they live at home
• Many live in family home or community residence