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Biology 2 > Kingdom Fungi > Flashcards

Kingdom Fungi Flashcards

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1
Q

hardened mass of mycelium that generally serves as an overwintering stage.

A

sclerotium

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2
Q

Fungi is

A

Unicellular

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3
Q

tube-like strands

A

Hypha or hyphae

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4
Q

tube-like strands called hypha

A

Filmentous

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5
Q

Aggregate of hyphae

A

Mycelium

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6
Q

Mycelial cords, rhizomorphs, and fruit bodies (mushrooms)

A

Multicellular

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7
Q

“Other food”

A

Heterotrophic

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8
Q

Feed on dead tissues or organic waste (decomposers)

A

Saprophytic

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9
Q

Mutually beneficial relationship between a fungus and another organism

A

Symbiotic

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10
Q

Feeding on living tissue of a host

A

Parasitic

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11
Q

Parasites that cause disease are called

A

Pathogens

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12
Q

Fungi can get carbon from

A

Organic sources

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13
Q

Hyphal tips release

A

Enzymes

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14
Q

The nucleus does what

A

Directs

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15
Q

Tubular, hard walk of chitin, multinucleate, grow at tips

A

Hyphae

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16
Q

Hyphae grow from their

A

Tips

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17
Q

Extensive, feeding web of hyphae

A

Mycelium

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18
Q

Ecologically active bodies of fungi

A

Mycelia

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19
Q

“Fungus roots”

A

Mycorrhizae

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20
Q

Nutrients for plants

A

Fungus

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21
Q

Carbohydrate for fungus

A

Plants

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22
Q

Type of a Mycorrhizae uses hyphae to invade root cells

A

Zygomycota

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23
Q

This type of Mycorrhizae uses hyphae invade root but doesn’t penetrate the cells

A

Ascomycota &Basidimycota

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24
Q

What is an extremely important ecological role of fungi

A

Mycorrhizae

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25
Q

The three main types of Lichens are

A

Crustose lichens

Foliose lichens

Fruticose lichens

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26
Q

Forms flat crusty plates

A

Crustose lichens

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27
Q

Leafy in appearance, although loved or branched structures are not true leafs

A

Foliose lichens

28
Q

Finely branches and may hang down like beards from branches or grow up from the ground like tiny shrubs

A

Fruticose lichens

29
Q

Natures biological monitors of pollution and air quality

A

Lichens

30
Q

Acts like a sponge, absorbs water from the atmosphere, acts as a bioindicator for pollution

A

Lichens

31
Q

Asexual (product of mitosis) or sexual (product or meiosis) in orgin

A

Spores

32
Q

Product of mitosis

A

Asexual

33
Q

Product of meiosis

A

Sexual

34
Q

Allows the fungus to move to new food source

A

Spores

35
Q

Resistant stage- allows fungus to survive periods of adversity

A

Spores

36
Q

Means of introducing new genetic combinations into a population

A

Spores

37
Q

Spores are

A

Reproductive cells (sexual and asexual)

38
Q

Spores are formed directly on

A

Hyphae

39
Q

Spores are reproductive cells formed directly on hyphae inside ___ and fruiting bodies

A

Sporangia

40
Q

Mycelia have a huge

A

Surface area

41
Q

Composed of cellulose and/or chitin

A

Cell wall present

42
Q

Food storage is generally in the form of ____ and ____

A

Lipids and glycogen

43
Q

True nucleus and other organelles present

A

Eukaryotes

44
Q

All fungi require

A

Water and oxygen

45
Q

Fungi can ____ as long as it’s not too extreme

A

Grow everywhere

46
Q

Diverse group, number of __ is 90,000 or so but it is believe that there are probably more than 1.5 million

A

Describe species

47
Q

Simple fungi, produce motile spores, mostly saprophites and parasites in aquatic habitats

A

Chytrids

Or

Chytridiomycota

48
Q

Produces motile spores - zoospores

A

Chytrids

49
Q

Mostly saprophytic and parasites in aquatic habitats

A

Chytrids

50
Q

Asexual reprod - common (sporangia - bags of asexual spores)

A

Zygomycota “zygote fungi”

51
Q

Hyphae have no

A

Cross walls (Multinucleate)

52
Q

Grows rapidly

A

Zygomycota

53
Q

Decomposers, pathogens, and some form mycorrhizal associations with plants

A

Zygomycota

54
Q

Asexual reproduction- common

A

Ascomycota “sac fungi”

55
Q

Important plant parasites and saprobes

A

Ascomycota “sac fungi”

56
Q

An example of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is

A

Yeast

57
Q

Decomposers, pathogens, and found in most lichens

A

Ascomycota

58
Q

Asexual reproduction- not so common

A

Basidiomycota “club fungi”

59
Q

Basidiomycota are long lived ___ mycelia

A

Dikaryotic

60
Q

Enzymes decompose wood, leaves, and other organic materials

A

Basidiomycota

61
Q

Mycelium and fruiting body are

A

Dikaryotic

62
Q

The only diploid cells

A

Young basidia

63
Q

Single called fungi

A

Yeast

64
Q

Adapted to liquids, plant saps, water films, moist animal tissues

A

Yeast

65
Q

Rapidly grow and asexual spores

A

Molds

66
Q

many human importance’s such as food spoilage, food products, antibiotics

A

Molds

67
Q

Fungi have cell walls that have cellulose and unique polysaccharide components to them

A

Chitin

Biology 2 (17 decks)

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