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Biology 2 > Chapter 17/21 Thingy > Flashcards

Chapter 17/21 Thingy Flashcards

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1
Q

Chordates are

A

Humans

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2
Q

Which animal group is closely related to chordates?

A

Echinoderms

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3
Q

Which anthropoids are most closely related to humans?

A

Chimpanzees

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4
Q

All organisms with bilateral symmetry also have

A

Sense organs

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5
Q

Flatworms are similar to Cnidarians in that both have

A

True tissues

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6
Q

Which animals have a cylindrical body that is tapered at both ends?

A

Roundworms

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7
Q

There are more species of ___ than any other type of animal

A

Arthropods

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8
Q

A characteristic of arthropods that has allowed for their great success is the presence of

A

Specialized segments

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9
Q

Arthropod Skelton is composed of

A

Chitin

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10
Q

What is the name given to the food trapping cells of sponges

A

Choanocytes

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11
Q

What characteristic is unique to echnioderms

A

A water vascular system

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12
Q

What evidence would convince you that it is indeed an annelid and not roundworm or flatworm

A

Body segmentation

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13
Q

Example of a chordates that is not a vertebrate

A

Lancelet

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14
Q

Among vertebrates the unique feature of lampreys and hagfish is the

A

Absence of jaws

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15
Q

Rays are a type of

A

Cartilaginous fish

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16
Q

What group of fishes includes lineage that migrated out of freshwater and adapted to life on land

A

Lobe-finned fishes

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17
Q

Tetrapods means

A

Four feet

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18
Q

The feature that freed reptiles from dependence on water for reproduction

A

Amniotic egg

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19
Q

A characteristic that is shared by snakes and birds

A

Amniotic egg

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20
Q

Almost every element of bird anatomy is modified for what

A

Enhancement of flight

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21
Q

Mammalian group that lays eggs

A

Monotremes

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22
Q

Dorsal, hollow nerve cord and a Notochord

A

Chordates

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23
Q

A Lancelet is a

A

Chordates

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24
Q

Platypus is a

A

Monotreme

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25
Q

You discover an organism that has scaly skin and is aquatic but returns to the land to reproduce. What else would you expect to find in this organism

A

Amniotic egg

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26
Q

Unique features of vertebrates include presence of

A

Skull and backbone

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27
Q

They all have a notochord sometime during their life cycle

A

Chordates

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28
Q

A feature unique to mammals include

A

Presence of hair

29
Q

The first hominid to spread beyond Africa

A

Homo erectus

30
Q

Where did humans first appear

A

Africa

31
Q

Four long, slender finger bones and a smaller opposable thumb bone, long arm bone, fingernails, and eye sockets close together on a skull

What is it and where would it be found?

A

Anthropoids

Found in heavily forested area

32
Q

How do New World monkeys differ from Old World monkeys?

A

New world monkeys have prehensile tail

33
Q

In animals, individual cells are grouped into

A

Tissues

34
Q

The function of the lung system is to exchange

A

Exchange of gases between the blood and air

35
Q

The function of the kidney system is

A

Excretion of urea

36
Q

What makes skeletal muscle different from both smooth and cardiac muscle ?

A

Skeletal muscle can be contracted voluntarily

37
Q

Physiologist is a biologist that studies

A

Functions of body parts

38
Q

Bone is a type of

A

Connective tissue

39
Q

Connective tissue is different from the other major tissue types in that

A

The cells are sparsely scattered through an extraterrestrial matrix

40
Q

Most common type of tissue

A

Loose connective tissue

41
Q

Most abundant kind of tissue in most animals

A

Muscle

42
Q

It can be enlarged by exercise

A

Skeletal muscle

43
Q

Involuntary muscle includes

A

Smooth muscle and cardiac muscle

44
Q

This can only carry out its functions of its component tissues

A

Organs

45
Q

The fact that every organism continuously exchanges chemicals and energy with its surroundings

A

Open systems

46
Q

Reabsorption in the movement of substances from the ____ to the ___

A

Filtrate ; blood

47
Q

Secretion is the movement of substances from the ____ to the ___

A

Blood ; filtrate

48
Q

Excretion is the movement of substances from the ___ to the ___

A

Kidneys ; outside

49
Q

Which process describes the forcing of water and other small molecules from the blood into a kidney tube?

A

Filtration

50
Q

Promotes urinary water loss

A

Diuretic

51
Q

In humans goosebumps are a vestige of a mammalian adaptation related to

A

Thermoregulation

52
Q

If a person is suffering from a heat stroke which organ system is failing

A

Nervous system

53
Q

Imagine an invertebrate that lives in an estuary where salinity varies cyclically with the tides. If this animal practices homeostasis with respect to the salt concentration will show

A

Slight, continuous fluctuations

54
Q

The maintenance of a relatively stable internal environment

A

Homeostasis

55
Q

The vertebrate kidney helps to keep the acidity of the body fluids constant by varying the amount of hydrogen ions it secretes to urine

A

Negative feedback mechanism

56
Q

Thermostat that monitors temp and switches heat on and off

A

Negative feedback

57
Q

When a blood vessel is broken proteins found in blood are stimulated, resulting in netlike clot

A

Positive feedback

58
Q

Stimulated proteins activate more and more proteins which causes a larger and larger clot

A

Positive feedback loop

59
Q

Urination, deification, breathing

A

Water loss

60
Q

The ability to maintain a body temp substantially warmer than the surrounding environment

A

Endotherms

61
Q

Animals such as mammals and birds that derive most of their body heat from their own metabolism

A

Endotherms

62
Q

Includes most invertebrates, fishes, amphibians, and nonbird reptiles

A

Ectotherms

63
Q

Obtain their body heat primarily by absorbing it from their surroundings

A

Ectotherms

64
Q

Blood sugar level rises then the level went back down

A

Negative feedback

65
Q

Most homeostasis mechanisms depend on

A

Negative feedback

66
Q

Spring lobster is a

A

ectotherm

67
Q

When the body temp is too low

A

Blood vessels in skin constrict

68
Q

Physiological response when animals get too hot

A

Increased blood flow to the skin

69
Q

They produce dilute urine

A

Freshwater fish

Biology 2 (17 decks)

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