Chapter 26 Flashcards
What is the function of the polar bodies that are produced during oogenesis? They are a mechanism that allows for
The shedding of the excess GENETIC material during the production of a haploid ovum
In a human male reproductive system,
The sperm travels through the sperm duct before reaching the urethra during ejaculation
Sperm from the testes can no longer reach the urethra
Vasectomy
Asexual reproduction disadvantage?
It produces genetically uniform populations
An effective way for animals to expand their population quickly and exploit an available environment
Asexual reproduction
Possess both male and female reproductive systems
Hermaphrodites
Reproductive systems with external fertilization are most common in
Aquatic animals
Involves the breakdown of the endometrium
Menstruation
In human females, the ovarian cycle begins when the
Hypothalamus stimulates the anterior pituitary to increase its output of FSH and LH
What would happen if an embryo failed to secrete HGC
The embryo would be aborted
Oxytocin controls the contractions of the uterus. Of which type of tissue is the uterus composed of?
Smooth muscle
What advantage is associated with human testes located in an external sac rather than in a abdominal cavity
The testes can be kept cooler than body’s interior
Where in a women’s reproductive tract does fertilization most often take place?
Oviduct
Where does the embryo normally implant
In the endometrium of the uterus
In humans this is completed after stimulation by sperm
Oogeneisis
Which one is incorrect about similarities between male and female
Both have paired gamete producing organs
Both have erectile tissue that becomes engorged with blood during sexual excitement
Both have a pair of tubes that carry gametes
Both have a urethra that carries both urine and gametes
Both have a urethra that carries both urine and gametes
What moves the human egg through the oviduct
The beating of cilia in the oviduct
In a human female reproductive system the
Outer features are collectively called vulva
A vasectomy involves removing a section of each
Vas deferens
What STD is not caused by a virus
Chlamydia
A diaphragm functions as a birth control device by
Preventing the movement of speak into the uterus
Which of the following types of pathogens cause sexually transmitted diseases that are generally not curable
Viruses
prevents the movement of sperm out of the testes
Vasectomy
Contains enzymes that are released when the sperm encounters an egg and dissolved a hole in the jellylike matrix that surrounds the egg
Sperm cell’s acrosome
Which one of the following is the earliest event in the process of fertilization
Sperm contact the jelly coat around the egg
Which event occurs first in embryo development
Cleavage
Result of programmed cell death?
Formation of fingers in humans
What is gestation?
Pregnancy
The lifeline between the embryo and the placenta
Is called the “umbilical cord”
What process is needed to define each of the toes and fingers?
Programmed cell death
What is a result from cleavage?
Formation of more cells
The liver, pancreas, and lining of the digestive tract come from
Endoderm
Changes the blastocyst into an embryo that has three tissue layers
Gastrulation
Mesoderm gives rise to the
Heart and kidneys
When does the human embryo implant in the wall of the uterus
About a week after conception
At about what point in gestation can an ultrasound exam determine the sex of the fetus
At the end of the first trimester
At about what point in gestation does the fetal heartbeat become audible by stethoscope and the fetus’s movements felt by the mother?
20 weeks
Which of the following processes dominates the third trimester of human development?
Growth
Which of the following substances stimulates contractions in uterine smooth muscle during labor?
Oxytocin
3 stages of labor in order?
Dilation
Expulsion
Delivery of the placenta
The “grandmother hypothesis” suggests that natural selection may have favored a woman __
Focusing her energy on caring for her grandchildren, instead of producing more children
