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Biology 2 > Chapter 14 Lab > Flashcards

Chapter 14 Lab Flashcards

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1
Q

Bacteria can be

A

Autotrophs or heterotrophs

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2
Q

Photosynthetic, obtaining energy from sunlight or chemosynthetic, breaking down inorganic substances for energy

A

Autotrophs

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3
Q

breaking down inorganic substances for energy

A

chemosynthetic

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4
Q

obtaining energy from sunlight

A

Photosynthetic

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5
Q

Bacteria classified as this derive energy from breaking down complex organic compounds in the environment

A

Heterotrophs

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6
Q

Bacteria that feed on decaying material and organic waste

A

Saprobes

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7
Q

Bacteria that requires oxygen to live

A

Aerobic

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8
Q

Bacteria where oxygen is deadly to them

A

Anaerobic

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9
Q

“Green slime”

A

Cyanobacteria

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10
Q

This is a group of bacteria that includes some that are single cells and some that are chains of cells.

A

Cyanobacteria

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11
Q

This bacteria can do photosynthesis, which is the kind that makes oxygen from water. All plants do this kind of photosynthesis

A

Cyanobacteria

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12
Q

The first organisms on earth to do modern photosynthesis and they made the first oxygen in the Earth’s atmosphere

A

Cyanobacteria

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13
Q

This certain bacteria produces antibiotics such as streptomycin and nocardicin

A

Actinomycetes

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14
Q

Other bacteria live on the roots of certain plants, converting nitrogen into a useable form

A

Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria

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15
Q

These help to break down dead organic matter

A

Saprobes

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16
Q

Bacteria have circular DNA called

A

Plasmids

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17
Q

Bacteria are

A

Prokaryotic and unicellular

18
Q

Bacteria can reproduce sexually by _____ or asexually by _____

A

Conjugation ; binary fission

19
Q

Bacteria can survive unfavorable conditions by producing an

A

Endospore

20
Q

Region with DNA is called the

A

Nucleiod Region

21
Q

divides most clinically significant bacteria into two main groups, is the first step in bacterial identification

A

Gram stain

22
Q

Bacteria stained purple are

A

Gram +

23
Q

Their call walls have thick petidoglycan and teichoic acid

A

Gram +

24
Q

Bacteria stained pink are

A

Gram -

25
Q

Their cell walls have thin peptidoglycan and lipoplysaccharides with no teichoic acid

A

Gram -

26
Q

The purple crystal violet stain is trapped by the layer of peptidoglycan which forms the outer layer of the cell.

A

Gram positive bacteria

27
Q

The outer membrane of lipopolysaccharides prevents the stain from reaching the peptidoglycan layer

A

Gram negative bacteria

28
Q

The outer membrane is then permeabilized by an acetone/alcohol treatment, and the _____ is trapped by the peptidoglycan layer

A

Pink safranin counterstain

29
Q

The primary stain

A

Crystal violet

30
Q

Acts as the mordant by forming a crystal violet complex

A

Iodine

31
Q

Decolorizes

A

Alcohol

32
Q

Counterstain

A

Safranin

33
Q

Why is bacteria the perfect organisms for watching evolutionary mechanisms?

A

They have a rapid growth rate

34
Q

Some bacteria can produce a ______ in order to survive extremely harsh conditions

A

Endospore

35
Q

Bacteria have the potential to sexually reproduce but undergo ____ as their mode of reproduction

A

Binary fission

36
Q

The name of the structures that allow for bacteria to adhere to common environmental surfaces

A

Fimbriae

37
Q

This theory states that mitochondria and chloroplasts were originally their own organisms but now live in a mutualistic relationship with our cells

A

Endosymbiotic

38
Q

What element does plants rely on bacteria for?

A

Nitrogen

39
Q

The part of the bacteria cell that allows for bacteria to sexually reproduce with eachother

A

Pilus or Pili

40
Q

What is the name of the DNA containing region of bacteria cell?

A

Nucleoid

Biology 2 (17 decks)

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