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Cam's Cards COPY > Kidneys part 2 > Flashcards

Kidneys part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

CKD is characterized by decreased kidney function for how long?

A

3 months

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2
Q

Most common causes of CKD?

A

diabetes

HTN

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3
Q

What product is muscle metabolism is a measure of kidney function?

A

Creatinine

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4
Q

What is a normal Cr?

A

0.6-1.2mg/dL

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5
Q

GFR is also known as?

A

Creatinine Clearance (CrCl)

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6
Q

What is a normal CrCl?

A

> 90

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7
Q

Gold standard for measurement for GFR?

A

Insulin clearance

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8
Q

What is the most commonly used estimate of GFR?

A

Cockcroft-Gault equation and MDRD

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9
Q

When calculating a GFR, should you use a patients actual body weight or ideal body weight?

A

Ideal body weight

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10
Q

What is a normal level of urine protein?

A

<150mg/dL

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11
Q

What is the gold standard test to assess proteinuria?

A

24 hour urine

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12
Q

What lab finding is specific to CKD?

A

Albuminuria

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13
Q

What would be the first abnormal finding in CKD?

A

Urine albumin

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14
Q

What lab rest is the preferred test in screening for albuminuria?

A

Urine albumin to creatinine ratio

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15
Q

You are concerned that your patient may be developing early CKD due to his lifestyle. Is a urine dipstick an appropriate test?

A

No, urine dipstick only detects urine albumin over 500.

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16
Q

What is a normal urine albumin?

A

<30mg/dL

17
Q

You are seeing a diabetic patient and find albuminuria in routine lab findings. What medications should you consider putting this patient on?

A

ACEI or ARB

18
Q

Normal size of a kidney?

A

10cm

19
Q

In CKD, do kidneys increase or decrease in size?

A

Decrease

20
Q

There are a shit load of meds to avoid/be aware of in CKD patients. Try to name some of them.

A 
NSAIDs
Contrast
Magnesium
Phosphorus
Aluminum
Antimicrobials
Diabetic meds
Decongestants
Antihypertensives
Opioids and gabapentin
21
Q

CKD also has a shit load of complications. Which of the following are NOT complications of CKD?

a) HTN
b) Hyperphosphatemia
c) Hyponatremia
d) Hyperparathyroidism
e) Anemia
f) Hyperkalemia
g) Acidosis
h) Uremic encephalopathy

A

c) hyponatremia

All the others are complications of CKD

22
Q

At what GFR is dialysis typically indicated?

A

10-15

23
Q

What are the different types of dialysis?

A 
Hemodialysis
Peritoneal dialysis (Continuous ambulatory and continuous cyclic)
24
Q

What type of dialysis does a patient do at home while they sleep?

A

Continuous cyclic dialysis

25
Q

Classic findings of nephrotic syndrome?

A

Edema
Proteinuria
Low serum albumin
Hyperlipidemia

26
Q

Classis findings of nephritic syndrome?

A

HTN
Hematuria
Proteinuria

Cam's Cards COPY (93 decks)

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