Final Practicum Flashcards

1
Q

General Survey

A

Introduction, wash hands, explain visit, acknowledge VS and visual acuity.
Pt appropriately exposed

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2
Q

Psych

A

A and O to person, place, time, and event

Hygiene and affect appear appropriate

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3
Q

Derm

A

Inspect: lesions, nevi, color
Palpate: verbalize turgor, temp, moisture
Hair: verbalize color, distribution, quantity
Nails: Pigmentation, clubbing, ridging, peeling, nail angle

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4
Q

Head

A

Inspect: head, scalp, facies
Palpate: for areas of tenderness or masses

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5
Q

Eyes: Inspect

A

Inspect: eyebrows and lids. conjunctiva and sclera for injection drainage or jaundice. Lacrimal apparatus for signs of redness or blockage. PERRLA + accom + converg. Corneal light reflection. EOMs. Visual fields by confrontation

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6
Q

Eyes: palpate

A

Palpate: lacrimal glands and ducts for tenderness, inflammation
Orbits with eyes closed

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7
Q

Fundoscopy

A

Evaluate anterior chamber for white cells, blood. Identify red reflex and optic disc.
Optic disc for sharpness, color, size.
Retinal vessels for AV nicking, copper wiring,
Locate fovea centralis
Comment on papilledema, hemorrhages, exudates

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8
Q

Ears

A

Hearing acuity - finger rub. Verbalize webber/rinne
Inspect auricle, canal, mastoid, lesions, masses
Otoscopy for canal, TM - note landmarks
Palpate auricle and tragus for pain

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9
Q

Nose/Sinuses

A

Inspect - external nose size, shape, color, deformity, patency. Internal mucous membrane, septum, turbinates, discharge
Palpate frontal/maxillary sinuses for tenderness

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10
Q

Mouth/Throat

A

Inspect: lips, tongue, palate, mucosa, tonsils for: symmetry, edema, color, lesions.
Teeth for caries, loose/missing teeth, bite occlusion
Palpate: verbalize lips, tongue, gingiva, and base of mouth for tenderness/masses

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11
Q

Neck

A

Inspect: swelling, deformity, tracheal deviation
Inquire: neck pain or tenderness
Palpate: pain or tenderness, trachea midline, thyroid

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12
Q

Lymph nodes

A

Inspect: swelling, deformity
Palpate: for masses/tenderness: pre/post auricular, occipital, subtonsilar, submandibular, submental, ant/post chain, supra/infra clavicular
Verbalize axillary, epitrochlear, femoral, and popliteal

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13
Q

Pulmonary

A

Inspect: respirations, use of accessory muscles, shape of chest, AP diameter, audible wheezing/stridor
BONUS: surgical scars, physical characteristics, PMI
Palpate: AP/lat compression, equal expansion
Percussion: all fields ant/post
Auscultate: w/ diaphragm all fields for R/R/W/C

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14
Q

Cardio

A

Inspect: do with pulm inspection
Palpate: verbalize heaves/lifts/thrills and PMI
Auscultate: Name and listen A/P1/P2/T/M for murmurs. Carotids with bell for bruits. Verbalize LLD and supine
Pulses: Brachial, radial, femoral, popliteal, DP, PT. CAP REFILL

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15
Q

ABD

A

Inspect: shape, symmetry, scars, color, contour
Auscultate: all quadrants for BS. Listen for bruits at abd aorta, renal, iliac, and femoral arteries.
Palpate: w/ flexed knees, light/deep in all quadrants. Palpate liver, spleen, kidneys. CVA tenderness
Percuss: all quadrants for masses. Liver/spleen for size. Nl is 6-12cm

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16
Q

MSK

A

Inspect: full inspection for tone, atrophy, symmetry, spasm
ROM: CS, TS, LS, BUE, BLE
Palpation: For tenderness/spasm throughout
Strength testing: check for 5/5 throughout BUE/BLE in all planes

17
Q

Neuro

A

CNI-XII
Sensory testing: superficial light touch, verbalize sharp/dull
Cerebellar fxn: RAM, heel to shin, romberg, finger to nose
Reflexes: bicep, tricep, brachioradialis, patella, achilles, babinski, ankle clonus

18
Q

Extremities

A

C,C,E, skin changes, hair distribution

Palpate: warmth, tenderness, pitting