Key words unit 1 Flashcards
Growth
Increase in some measured quantity such as height or weight.
Development
Complex changes including an increase in skills, abilities and capabilities.
Centile Chart
A graph used to show average measurements of height, weight and head circumference.
Developmental Milestone
An average set of expectations with respect to a young child’s development.
Fine Motor skills
Smaller movements that require more precise direction and use smaller muscles.
Gross Motor skills
Large movements that involve using the large muscles of the body which are required for mobility
Cognitive
Ability to learn and solve problems
Primitive reflex
Basic reflex involuntary movements that are present at birth
Attachment
Strong emotional connections/ relationship a child experiences with their significant adult.
Bonding
Psychological closeness
Egocentric
centred on oneself
Primary socialisation
The process of a child learning the norms, attitudes and values of the culture and society in which they are growing up; early socialisation that normally takes place within the family.
Secondary socialisation
The process of learning appropriate behaviour in society. influences include education, media, government and religion/culture; socialisation that takes place in social settings beyond the family such as nursery, friends or wide range of other institutions.
Self-concept
Awareness formed in early childhood of being an individual, a unique person and different from everyone else. it is the addition of self-esteem and self-image
Self- image
Confidence a person feels about themselves, self-worth or pride, sense of self-respect and value; the value we give ourselves based on how we treat other and performed in life.
Self esteem
The way an individual sees themselves, their mental image of themselves
Puberty
A period of rapid growth during which young people reach sexual maturity and become biologically able to reproduce and secondary sexual characteristic develop.
Primary Sexual characteristic
Characteristics present at birth and that develop during puberty
Secondary Sexual characteristic
Characteristics that develop during puberty
Peer pressure
A person or group influencing an individual to change their behaviour, values or benefits so they comform to and socially accepted by a peer group.
Maturation
Genetically programmed sequence of change
Peri Menopause
Gradually begin to produce less oestrogen last form begin of 40s to menopause begins.
Menopause
Women’s menstrual cycle gradually stops and no longer able to reproduce
Abstract thinking
The ability to solve problems using imagination without having to be involved practically. Advanced form of thinking.
Nature
Genetic inheritance
Nurture
Influence of external factors after conception
Biological Factors
affect the development of a living organisms
Genetic predispositions
inherited genes that determine physical growth, development, health and appearance
Environmental factors
factors in the environment that affects development
Social factors
factors that affect social development
Economic factors
Factors that affect development through money
Social class
A person’s social and economic standing in society
Lifestyle
How a person spends their time and money
Dysfunctional families
A family that is not providing all of the support and benefits associated with being in a family
Life Events
Something major that happens in someone’s life that fall into two types: predictable and unpredictable
