Key Terms Ch 9

Question 1

The use of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing to sequence and optimize a number of production processes

Answer 1

Computer-Integrated Manufacturing (CIM)

Question 2

A design approach in which all relevant functions cooperate jointly and continually in a maximum effort aimed at producing high-quality products that meet customer’s needs

Answer 2

Concurrent Engineering

Question 3

A process that is highly automated and has a continuous production flow

Answer 3

Continuous Process

Question 4

A multifaceted process focusing on creating two-way exchanges with customers to foster intimate knowledge of their needs, wants, and buying patterns

Answer 4

Customer-Relationship Management (CRM)

Question 5

The planned elimination of positions or jobs

Answer 5

Downsizing

Question 6

Economies in which materials and processes employed in one product can be used to make other, related products

Answer 6

Economies of Scope

Question 7

Manufacturing plants that have short production runs, are organized around products, and use decentralized scheduling

Answer 7

Flexible Factories

Question 8

A type of organization in which top management ensures that there is consensus about the direction in which the business is heading

Answer 8

High-Involvement Organization

Question 9

A series of quality standards developed by a committee working under the International Organization for Standardization to improve total quality in all businesses for the benefit of producers and customers

Answer 9

ISO 9001

Question 10

A system that calls for subassemblies and components to be manufactured in very small lots and delivered to the next stage of the production process just as they are needed

Answer 10

Just-in-Time (JIT)

Question 11

Technologies that produce goods and services in high volume

Answer 11

Large Batch

Question 12

An operation that strives to achieve the highest possible productivity and total quality, cost effectively, by eliminating unnecessary steps in the production process and continually striving for improvement

Answer 12

Lean Manufacturing

Question 13

An organization skilled at creating, acquiring, and transferring knowledge, and at modifying its behavior to reflect new knowledge and insights

Answer 13

Learning Organization

Question 14

The movement of the right goods in the right amount to the right place at the right time

Answer 14

Logistics

Question 15

The production of varied, individually customized products at the low cost of standardized, mass-produced products

Answer 15

Mass Customization

Question 16

A form of organization that seeks to maximize internal efficiency

Answer 16

Mechanistic Organization

Question 17

An organizational form that emphasizes flexibility

Answer 17

Organic Structure

Question 18

A successful effort to achieve an appropriate size at which the company performs most effectively

Answer 18

Rightsizing

Question 19

A method of systematically analyzing work processes to identify and eliminate virtually all causes of defects, standardizing the processes to reach the lowest practicable level of any cause of customer dissatisfaction

Answer 19

Six-Sigma Quality

Question 20

Technologies that produce goods and services in low volume

Answer 20

Small Batch

Question 21

A formal relationship created among independent organizations with the purpose of joint pursuit of mutual goals

Answer 21

Strategic Alliance

Question 22

Loss of productivity and morale in employees who remain after a downsizing

Answer 22

Survivor’s Syndrome

Question 23

the systematic application of scientific knowledge to a new product, process, or service

Answer 23

Technology

Question 24

Strategies aimed at reducing the total time needed to deliver a good or service

Answer 24

Time-Based Competition (TBC)

Question 25

An integrative approach to management that supports the attainment of customer satisfaction through a wide variety of tools and techniques that results in high-quality goods and services

Answer 25

Total Quality Management (TQM)

Question 26

The sequence of activities that flow from raw materials to the delivery of good or service, with additional value created at each step

Answer 26

Value Chain