John Cage Dynamics & Timbre

Question 1

What dynamic markings are used in the piece?

Answer 1

The dynamics vary considerably throughout the piece. Sometimes the notes are marked very loud, but the actual sound is not that loud due to the objects inside the piano. There are accents (>) and sforzando (sfz). Some sections of very soft (pp) and others very loud (ff).

Question 2

What effects do the dynamics have on the music?

Answer 2

They make it sound more expressive, dramatic, rhythmic, heavy, percussive, thick. The use of rests also add drama, after a loud passage (see figures 64 and 73). They also help bring out melodic ideas and moments of climax. They help drive the different moods. It helps paint a picture in your mind of the meaning of the music.

Question 3

When did Cage begin writing music for a ‘prepared piano’?

Answer 3

1938

Question 4

Why did Cage begin writing for the ‘prepared piano’?

Answer 4

He wanted to write for a percussion ensemble, but there wasn’t enough physical space in the room, so he turned the piano into a percussive instrument.