ITTO Flashcards
Name a tool or technique which is used in all Integration processes.
Expert Judgment
When is Contract an input to the Develop Project Charter process?
When the project is being done for an external customer.
Which process produces the Scope Management Plan?
Plan Scope Management
Which process produces the Requirements Management Plan?
Plan Scope Management
Which process generates the Work Performance Data?
Direct and Manage Project Work
Which Project Integration Management processes use Project Management Information System as a tool?
- Direct and Manage Project Work - Manage Project Knowledge (under Information Management technique) - Monitor and Control Project Work
Which system is used for recording change requests?
Configuration Management System (which is a part of the Project Management Information System)
In which processes are inspections performed?
- Validate Scope - Control Quality - Control Procurements
Why is requirements documentation needed for scope validation?
Deliverables are verified against the requirements and acceptance criteria specified in the requirements documentation.
In which process are prototypes useful?
Collect Requirements
Which is the only initiating process which uses Project Charter as an input?
Identify Stakeholders
What is SWOT Analysis used for in the context of project management?
Identifying risks (SWOT Analysis is a technique for the Identify Risks process)
How is Reserve Analysis used in managing risks?
Reserve Analysis compares the amount of the contingency reserves remaining to the amount of risk remaining at any time in the project in order to determine if the remaining reserve is adequate. It is a technique used in the Monitor Risks process.
Which technique is used for measuring deviation from baseline plans in order to determine the need for preventive or corrective actions?
Variance Analysis
Project Charter is an input to which processes (name any 4)?
- Develop Project Management Plan - Plan Scope Management - Collect Requirements - Define Scope - Plan Schedule Management - Plan Cost Management - Plan Risk Management - Identify Stakeholders; and more…
Name the Process Groups which have the Project Management Plan or one of its subsidiary plans as an input to all their processes.
- Executing - Monitoring and Controlling - Closing
What are the two key items that you need in order to collect project requirements?
- Project Charter - Stakeholder Register
Which two project management processes use the Decomposition technique?
- Create WBS - Define Activities
List the project management processes that use WBS as an input.
WBS is not an input to any process! However, Scope Baseline, which includes the Project Scope Statement, WBS, and WBS Dictionary, is an input to several processes such as Define Activities, Estimate Costs, Determine Budget, Identify Risks, and Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis.
What are the two main outputs of the Validate Scope process?
- Accepted Deliverables - Change Requests
Which processes employ the Bottom-up Estimating technique?
- Estimate Activity Durations - Estimate Costs - Estimate Activity Resources
What is the purpose of Project Schedule Network Diagrams?
To develop (project) schedule.
List the processes that have Resource Calendars as output.
- Control Schedule - Acquire Resources - Develop Team - Conduct Procurements
List the processes that use Resource Breakdown Structure as an input.
- Manage Project Knowledge - Estimate Activity Durations - Control Resources
Resource Breakdown Structure is a primary output of which process?
Estimate Activity Resources
Which processes employ Parametric Estimating technique?
- Estimate Activity Durations - Estimate Costs - Estimate Activity Resources
Name two processes which use Three-Point Estimating?
- Estimate Activity Durations - Estimate Costs
Name any three estimation techniques used for estimating activity durations?
- Analogous Estimating
- Parametric Estimating
- Three-Point Estimating
- Bottom-Up Estimating
Which processes use the Reserve Analysis technique to establish and maintain an adequate schedule and cost contingency reserve?
- Estimate Activity Durations - Estimate Costs - Determine Budget - Control Costs - Monitor Risks
What are the four main outputs of Develop Schedule process?
- Schedule Baseline - Project Schedule - Schedule Data - Project Calendars
Why is Scope Baseline an input to the Develop Schedule process?
The scope statement, WBS, and WBS dictionary (components of scope baseline) have details about the project deliverables that are considered when building the schedule model.
Name any five tools and techniques of the Develop Schedule process.
- Schedule Network Analysis - Critical Path Method - Resource Optimization - Data Analysis - Leads and Lags - Schedule Compression - PMIS - Agile Release Planning
In which processes do you apply leads and lags?
- Sequence Activities - Develop Schedule - Control Schedule
What are the main inputs of the Control Schedule process? (8)
1) Schedule Management Plan
2) Schedule Baseline
3) Scope Baseline
4) Project Schedule
5) Work Performance Data
6) Project Calendars
7) Resource Calendars
8) Organizational Process Assets
Name at least three Executing processes that can result in change requests.
- Direct and Manage Project Work - Manage Quality - Acquire Resources - Manage Team - Implement Risk Responses - Conduct Procurements - Manage Stakeholder Engagement
Which two scope management processes produce Work Performance Information?
- Validate Scope - Control Scope
Which process takes Work Performance Information as input and produces Work Performance Reports as output?
Monitor and Control Project Work
Communication Methods are used as tools in Planning and Executing processes. Name the Executing process(es) which use Communication Methods as tools.
Manage Communications
Verified Deliverables are an input to this process and Accepted Deliverables an output. Which process is this?
Validate Scope
Which Enterprise Environmental Factors may be used in Estimate Activity Resources?
Resource availability and skills
Why is Risk Register an input to Estimate Costs?
Risk mitigation costs need to be considered while estimating project costs.
Which processes employ the Analogous Estimating technique?
- Estimate Activity Durations - Estimate Costs - Estimate Activity Resources
Which components of the Project Management Plan are used in the Control Costs process?
- Cost Management Plan - Cost Baseline - Performance Measurement Baseline
Which process uses the Funding Limit Reconciliation technique?
Determine Budget
Name at least 3 tools and techniques used in the Determine Budget process.
- Expert Judgment - Cost Aggregation - Reserve Analysis - Historical Information Review - Funding Limit Reconciliation - Financing
Which are the 4 estimation techniques used in the Estimate Costs process?
- Analogous Estimating - Parametric Estimating - Bottom-Up Estimating - Three-Point Estimating
Which are the common tools and techniques for Control Schedule and Control Costs?
- Data Analysis - Project Management Information System
Which are the only two Monitoring and Controlling processes that do NOT use Work Performance Data as an input?
- Monitor and Control Project Work - Perform Integrated Change Control
Scope Baseline is created in which process?
Create WBS
Quality Metrics are an input to which process(es)?
- Manage Quality - Control Quality
Quality Metrics are developed in which process?
Plan Quality Management
Test and Evaluation Documents are an input to which process(es)?
Control Quality
Which process is used to compare the cost of quality activities with the expected benefits?
Plan Quality Management
Root Cause Analysis is usually performed in which processes?
- Monitor and Control Project Work - Manage Quality - Control Quality - Identify Risks - Plan Stakeholder Engagement - Manage Stakeholder Engagement
Which quality related plan is included in the Project Management Plan?
Quality Management Plan
Which project documents are you likely to update as a result of quality planning?
- Lessons Learned Register - Requirements Traceability Matrix - Risk Register - Stakeholder Register
Which project documents may get updated as a result of the Manage Quality process?
- Issue Log - Lessons Learned Register - Risk Register
Approved Change Requests are an input to these processes and Change Requests are an output. Which processes are these?
- Direct and Manage Project Work - Control Quality - Control Procurements
Change Requests are an input to this process and Approved Change Requests are an output. Which process is this?
Perform Integrated Change Control
Which project management process uses the Process Analysis technique?
Manage Quality
Deliverables are an input to this process and Verified Deliverables an output. Which process is this?
Control Quality
Deliverables are an output of which process?
Direct and Manage Project Work
Accepted Deliverables are an input to which process?
Close Project or Phase
What is the primary output of the Close Project or Phase process?
Final product, service or result transition
Which process uses the Pre-Assignment technique?
Acquire Resources
Pre-Assignment and Negotiation are two tools and techniques of the Acquire Resources process. Name at least one more technique of this process.
- Virtual teams - Multicriteria Decision Analysis
Issue Log, which is used for documenting and tracking project issues, is first created in this process. Which process is this?
Direct and Manage Project Work
Name at least 3 tools and techniques used in the Develop Team process.
- Interpersonal and team skills - Training - Virtual Teams - Meetings - Colocation - Recognition and rewards - Individual and Team Assessments
In which process(es) would you employ Networking?
- Manage Project Knowledge - Manage Communications - Manage Stakeholder Engagement
In which process are Ground Rules laid out for the project team members?
Manage Stakeholder Engagement
In which process are project team assignments done?
Acquire Resources
What are the three main outputs of the Acquire Resources process?
- Physical Resource Assignments - Project Team Assignments - Resource Calendars
What is the main output of the Develop Team process?
Team Performance Assessments
Name at least 3 interpersonal and team skills to manage a project team.
- Conflict Management - Decision Making - Emotional Intelligence - Influencing - Leadership
Which Enterprise Environmental Factors are likely to be updated as part of the Manage Team process?
- Organization’s performance appraisal database - Employee skills database
Which components of the Project Management Plan can get updated as a result of the Manage Team process?
- Resource Management Plan - Schedule Baseline - Cost Baseline
Name the two Initiating processes.
- Develop Project Charter - Identify Stakeholders
Name any one data analysis tool used in the Identify Stakeholders process.
- Stakeholder Analysis - Document Analysis
Which process takes Project Management Plan and Stakeholder Register as inputs and formulates a strategy to manage stakeholders?
Plan Stakeholder Engagement
Name the quality management process which takes the Stakeholder Register as an input.
Plan Quality Management
Why is the Stakeholder Engagement Plan an input to the Plan Quality Management process?
The stakeholder engagement plan provides the method for documenting the stakeholders’ needs and expectations that provide the foundation for quality management.
Which project document is the key source of information for identifying project stakeholders?
Requirements documentation
Which Organizational Process Assets are likely to be used in the Identify Stakeholders process?
- Stakeholder register templates - Lessons learned from previous projects - Stakeholder registers from previous projects
Communication Models and Communication Methods are used in which process?
Plan Communications Management
In which process are Work Performance Reports generated?
Monitor and Control Project Work
Name at least 2 processes which use Work Performance Reports as an input.
1) Perform Integrated Change Control
2) Manage Team
3) Manage Communications
4) Monitor Risks
What are the 2 key inputs from stakeholder management processes to the Manage Communications process?
- Stakeholder Register - Stakeholder Engagement Plan
Project Communications are an output of which process?
Manage Communications
If you are establishing a contingency for project duration to mitigate schedule risks, what process are you in?
Estimate Activity Durations is the process and Reserve Analysis is the technique.
Why is Project Management Plan an input to the Monitor and Control Project Work process?
Project Management Plan provides information on the project baselines, which are used to measure project performance, and take corrective and preventive actions if required.
What are the tools and techniques for the Plan Risk Management process?
- Expert Judgment - Stakeholder Analysis - Meetings
What are the inputs of the Plan Risk Management process apart from Enterprise Environmental Factors and Organizational Process Assets?
- Project Charter - Project Management Plan - Stakeholder Register
Which Enterprise Environmental Factors can influence the Plan Risk Management process?
The risk appetite, attitudes and tolerances of the organizations.
Which process uses the SWOT Analysis technique?
Identify Risks
What are the main outputs of the Identify Risks process?
Risk Register and Risk Report
Why is Stakeholder Register an input to the Identify Risks process?
Stakeholder Register provides information on key stakeholders, whose input should be solicited for identifying project risks. It also details those stakeholders who can act as risk owners.
Why is Scope Baseline an input to the Identify Risks process?
The scope baseline includes deliverables and criteria for their acceptance, some of which might give rise to risk. It also contains the WBS, which can be used for identifying risks at the project level as well as the work package or control account level.
Which data gathering techniques are commonly used in identifying project risks?
- Brainstorming - Checklists - Interviews
Which at least 3 project management processes that use the Brainstorming technique?
- Develop Project Charter
- Develop Project Management Plan
- Collect Requirements
- Plan Quality Management
- Identify Risks
- Identify Stakeholders
Which process uses Checksheets?
Control Quality
Which processes use the Assumption and Constraint Analysis technique?
- Identify Risks - Plan Stakeholder Engagement
Which project management processes use Cause-and-Effect Diagrams?
Manage Quality and Control Quality Note: Cause-and-Effect Diagrams are a Data Representation technique.
Which process uses the Risk Data Quality Assessment technique?
Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis
Which process uses Influence Diagrams?
Perform Quantitative Risk Analysis
What is the output of Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis?
Updates to Assumptions Log, Issue Log, Risk Register and Risk Report
What is the output of Perform Quantitative Risk Analysis?
Risk Report updates
What is the common input to all Executing, Monitoring and Controlling, and Closing processes?
Project Management Plan (or one of its subsidiary management plans)
What is the common output of most Monitoring and Controlling processes?
Change Requests Note: Change Requests are an output of all Monitoring and Controlling processes EXCEPT Perform Integrated Change Control, which has Change Requests as an input and Approved Change Requests as an output.
What are the common inputs to Plan Qualitative Risk Analysis, Plan Quantitative Risk Analysis, Plan Risk Responses, Implement Risk Responses, and Monitor Risks?
- Risk Management Plan - Risk Register
Which process uses the Expected Monetary Value (EMV) Analysis technique?
Perform Quantitative Risk Analysis
Independent Cost Estimates are an input to which process?
Conduct Procurements
If you are reassessing project risks, which process are you in?
Monitor Risks
Why are Work Performance Reports an input to the Monitor Risks process?
Variance data, earned value measurements and forecasting data from the Performance Reports are monitored to look for symptoms or warning signs of risks.
Status Meetings are particularly useful in which process?
Monitor Risks
Procurement Statement of Work is an input to which process(es)?
Conduct Procurements and Control Procurements (as Procurement Documentation)
Why is the Risk Register an input to Plan Procurement Management?
Procurements are a risk mitigation tool. Many of the procurement decisions are made based on the risks that exist on the project.
Why is Requirements Documentation an input to Plan Procurement Management?
Requirements on products, services or results to be delivered by the project need to be reviewed when making procurement decisions. Requirements can also have implications on the contract terms and conditions. For example, one of the requirements for a US Defense contract could be that all the personnel employed by the contractor must be US citizens.
Which Enterprise Environmental Factors can influence the Plan Procurement Management process?
- Marketplace conditions - Suppliers in the market - The products or services available in the market - The terms and conditions for the industry - Contracts management system
Which Organizational Process Assets can affect the Plan Procurement Management process?
- Policies, procedures and guidelines related to procurements - Prequalified sellers
In which process are Source Selection Criteria established?
Plan Procurement Management
Which process applies the Source Selection Criteria to select sellers?
Conduct Procurements
Are Seller Proposals an input or an output of the Conduct Procurements process?
Input
Procurement Documentation is an input to this process, and Procurement Documentation updates are an output. Which process is this?
Control Procurements
Procurement negotiations are done in which process(es)?
Conduct Procurements
In which process(es) would you use Contract Management Systems? (2)
1) Plan Procurement Management
2) Conduct Procurements
Work Performance Data is an ____________ (Input or Output) of Executing processes.
Work Performance Data is an <u>output</u> of Executing processes. Note: Work Performance Data is an output of the Direct and Management Project Work process, which integrates the performance data from all the other Executing processes.
Work Performance Information is an output of ___________ Process Group.
Work Performance Information is an output of <u>Monitoring and Controlling</u> Process Group.
In which processes are simulations and modeling techniques used?
- Develop Schedule - Perform Quantitative Risk Analysis
Scope Baseline is an input to this process and Cost Baseline an output. Which process is this?
Determine Budget
Agreements are an input to Determine Budget. True or False?
True.
If you are using a payments system to pay invoices, which process are you in?
Control Procurements
Name the process that uses the Information Management technique.
Manage Project Knowledge
Which Enterprise Environmental Factors are used as inputs to the Plan Stakeholder Engagement process?
- Organizational culture, political climate, and governance framework; 2. Personnel administration policies; 3. Stakeholder risk appetites; 4. Established communication channels.
Which process initially creates the Milestone List for the project?
Define Activities
In which process are Individual and Team Assessments conducted?
Develop Team
Change Log is an output of which process(es)?
- Perform Integrated Change Control - Manage Stakeholder Engagement
In which process would you use Context Diagrams?
Collect Requirements
If you are using Cost Aggregation, which process are you in?
Determine Budget
In which process are approved change requests reviewed?
Control Quality
Which components of the project management plan are inputs to the Manage Project Knowledge process?
All components of the project management plan are inputs to the Manage Project Knowledge process.
In which process is the Team Charter developed?
Plan Resource Management
Which project management process implements the approved changes?
Direct and Manage Project Work
In which process is the Assumption Log initially created?
Develop Project Charter
In which process is the Issue Log initially created?
Direct and Manage Project Work
In which process is the Lessons Learned Register first created?
Manage Project Knowledge
What are the two outputs of the Develop Project Charter process?
- Project Charter - Assumption Log
Name the four tools and techniques used in the Manage Project Knowledge process.
- Expert judgment 2. Knowledge management 3. Information management 4. Interpersonal and team skills
In which process(es) is Cost of Quality considered?
- Estimate Costs - Plan Quality Management
In which process is Decision Tree Analysis used?
Perform Quantitative Risk Analysis
What is required to develop a detailed Project Scope Statement?
- Project Charter - Scope Management Plan - Assumption Log - Requirements Documentation - Risk Register - Enterprise Environmental Factors - Organizational Process Assets (such as procedures, policies, project scope statement template, project files and lessons learned from previous projects)
What is required to develop a WBS?
- Scope Management Plan - Project Scope Statement - Requirements Documentation - Enterprise Environmental Factors (such as industry-specific WBS standards) - Organizational Process Assets (such as procedures, policies, WBS template, project files and lessons learned from previous projects, etc.)
Name an enterprise environmental factor that may help in the Develop Schedule process.
Communication Channels
Which process(es) use(s) the What-if Scenario Analysis technique?
- Develop Schedule - Control Schedule
The Control Costs process has 3 outputs apart from Project Management Plan updates and Project Documents updates. Work Performance Information and Cost Forecasts are two of them. Name the missing output.
Change Requests
Why is Cost Management Plan an input to Identify Risks process?
The way costs are managed on the project could in itself be a source of risk on the project.
In which process would you use an Influence Diagram?
Perform Quantitative Risk Analysis
What are the commonly used data analysis techniques in quantitative risk analysis?
- Simulation - Sensitivity Analysis - Decision Tree Analysis - Influence Diagrams
Which documents can help a project manager identify the project stakeholders?
- Project Charter - Business Case - Benefits Management Plan - Requirements documentation - Agreements
In which process(es) is Critical Path Method (CPM) used?
- Develop Schedule - Control Schedule
Deliverables produced in the Direct and Manage Project Work process are an input to which process?
- Manage Project Knowledge - Control Quality
How do deliverables flow through a project?
Direct and Manage Project Work (Deliverables) → Control Quality (Verified Deliverables) → Validate Scope (Accepted Deliverables) → Close Project or Phase (Final Product, Service or Result Transition)
What is the output of the Direct and Manage Project Work process that goes as an input to the Control Costs process?
Work Performance Data
What are the outputs of the Determine Budget process that go as inputs to the Control Costs process?
- Cost Baseline - Project Funding Requirements
What is the input to the Acquire Resources process from Determine Budget?
Cost Baseline
What is the output from the Determine Budget process that goes as an input to Develop Project Management Plan?
Cost Baseline
What is the output from Risk Management that goes as an input to Estimate Costs process?
Risk Register
What are the outputs from Control Quality that go as inputs to Manage Quality?
Quality Control Measurements
What comes as an output from Manage Quality process and goes as an input to Perform Integrated Change Control process?
Change Requests
What comes as an output from the Perform Integrated Change Control process and goes as an input to Control Quality?
Approved Change Requests
What are the inputs from the Plan Quality Management process into the Manage Quality process?
- Quality Management Plan - Quality Metrics
What are the inputs from the Plan Quality Management process into the Control Quality process?
- Quality Management Plan - Quality Metrics
What is the common input to Manage Quality and Control Quality, from Plan Quality Management?
- Quality Management Plan - Quality Metrics
What comes as an output from Control Quality and goes as an input to Validate Scope?
Verified Deliverables
What are the inputs from Project Schedule Management processes into the Plan Procurement Management process?
Milestone List (this list of major milestones show when the sellers are required to deliver their results)
What inputs does the Plan Procurement Management process provide to the Conduct Procurements process?
- Procurement Management Plan - Bid Documents - Procurement Statement of Work - Independent Cost Estimates - Source Selection Criteria
What is the input to Monitor Stakeholder Engagement, from Manage Communications?
Project Communications
Which process ensures the timely implementation of Approved Change Requests?
Control Quality
Which technique examines the effectiveness of risk responses?
Risk Audits
In which process(es) are you likely to use Affinity Diagrams?
- Collect Requirements - Manage Quality
Work Performance Data is an output of an Executing process, and an input to most Monitoring and Controlling processes. True or False?
True.
Work Performance Data is an input to the Monitor and Control Project Work process. True or False?
False. Work Performance Information (not Work Performance Data) is an input to Monitor and Control Project Work.
Work Performance Information is an input to the Perform Integrated Change Control process. True or False?
False. Work Performance Reports (not Work Performance Information) is an input to Perform Integrated Change Control process.
Agreements are an output of Plan Procurement Management. True or False?
False. Agreements are an output of Conduct Procurements.
Expert Judgment is a Tool and Technique in the Collect Requirements process. True or False?
True.
