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PMP - BrainBOK > Formulas > Flashcards

Formulas Flashcards

1
Q

What is the simple average or triangular distribution formula for activity duration estimate?

A

E = ( O + M + P ) / 3 where E is the Three-Point estimate, O the optimistic estimate, M the most likely estimate and P the pessimistic estimate of the activity.

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2
Q

What is the weighted average or beta distribution formula for activity cost estimate?

A

cE = ( cO + 4*cM + cP ) / 6 where cE is the weighted average activity cost estimate, cO the optimistic estimate, cM the most likely estimate and cP the pessimistic estimate of the activity cost.

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3
Q

What is the formula for Total Float?

A

Total Float = LF - EF or Total Float = LS - ES where LF is Late Finish, EF is Early Finish, LS is Late Start and ES is Early Start. Either formula can be used.

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4
Q

What is the formula for Free Float of an activity?

A

Free Float = ES of successor activity - EF of this activity where ES is Early Start, and EF is Early Finish

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5
Q

What is the formula for Negative Float?

A

Negative Float = LS - ES or Negative Float = LF - EF where LF is Late Finish, EF is Early Finish, LS is Late Start and ES is Early Start. Either formula can be used.

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6
Q

What are the number of potential communication channels for a team with ‘n’ stakeholders?

A

No. of communication channels = n * (n - 1) / 2 where ‘n’ is the number of stakeholders in the project.

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7
Q

What is the formula for Target Price on a contract?

A

Target Price = Target Cost + Target Fee

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8
Q

What is the formula for Target Cost on a contract?

A

Target Cost = Target Price - Target Fee

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9
Q

What is the formula for activity standard deviation?

A

σ = (P - O) / 6 where σ is the standard deviation, P the pessimistic estimate and O the optimistic estimate of the activity.

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10
Q

What is the formula for activity variance?

A

Variance = σ^2 or ((P - O) / 6) ^ 2 where σ is the standard deviation, P the pessimistic estimate and O the optimistic estimate of the activity.

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11
Q

What is the formula for activity duration estimate range?

A

Range = E ± σ where E is the estimated activity duration, and σ is the activity standard deviation.

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12
Q

In a normal distribution, what percentage of data values fall within 1 σ (standard deviation) of the mean?

A

68.27 %

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13
Q

In a normal distribution, what percentage of data values fall within 2 σ (standard deviation) of the mean?

A

95.45 %

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14
Q

In a normal distribution, what percentage of data values fall within 3 σ (standard deviation) of the mean?

A

99.73 %

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15
Q

In a normal distribution, what percentage of data values fall within 6 σ (standard deviation) of the mean?

A

99.99 %

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16
Q

What is the formula for Rolled Throughput Yield (RTY)?

A

RTY = TPY of Process 1 * TPY of Process 2 * … * TPY of Process N where TPY is Throughput Yield

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17
Q

What is the formula for Risk Priority Number (RPN)?

A

RPN = S x O x D where S is Severity or Impact, O is Occurrence or Probability, and D is Detection.

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18
Q

What is the formula for Duration Uncertainty?

A

Duration Uncertainty = P - O where P is the Pessimistic Estimate, and O is the Optimistic Estimate.

19
Q

What is the formula for Mean?

A

The mean of n values (x1, x2, x3, .. , xn) is: (x1 + x2 + x3 + .. + xn) / n

20
Q

What is the formula for Median?

A

Middle value (for odd number of values) OR Mean of the two middle values (for even number of values)

21
Q

What is the formula for Mode?

A

Mode is the most frequently occurring value in a data set. To get the Mode of a data set, count the frequency of each item, and pick the one with the maximum frequency.

22
Q

What is the formula for schedule variance using Earned Schedule (ES) method?

A

Schedule variance using ES method is ES - AT, where ES is the Earned Schedule and AT is the Actual Time.

23
Q

What is the formula for schedule performance index using Earned Schedule (ES) method?

A

Schedule performance index using ES method is ES/AT, where ES is the Earned Schedule and AT is the Actual Time.

24
Q

What is the fundamental difference between the EVM and ES methods?

A

EVM measures performance in terms of cost, whereas ES measures in terms of time.

25
Q

What are the components of Project Cost Baseline?

A

Project Cost Baseline = Project (Work Package) Cost Estimates + Contingency Reserves

26
Q

What are the components of Project Cost Budget?

A

Project Cost Budget = Project Cost Baseline + Management Reserves

27
Q

Which estimate is weighed more heavily in the beta distribution estimating?

A

The Most Likely estimate. It has 4 times more weightage than the Optimistic and Pessimistic estimates using beta distribution. The formula for expected cost using beta distribution is: cE = ( cO + 4*cM + cP ) / 6 where cE is the expected cost, cO the optimistic estimate, cM the most likely estimate and cP the pessimistic estimate of the activity.

28
Q

Approximately what percentage of communication is non-verbal?

A

55%

29
Q

Approximately what percentage of project manager’s time is spent communicating?

A

90%

30
Q

What is the formula for Cost Variance (CV)?

A

CV = EV - AC

31
Q

What is the formula for Cost Performance Indicator (CPI)?

A

CPI = EV / AC

32
Q

What is the formula for Schedule Variance (SV)?

A

SV = EV - PV

33
Q

What is the formula for Schedule Performance Indicator (SPI)?

A

SPI = EV / PV

34
Q

What is the formula for Estimate at Completion (EAC) when the original estimate is fundamentally flawed or is no longer valid due to change in circumstances (for example change in scope)?

A

EAC = AC + Bottom-up ETC

35
Q

What is the formula for Estimate at Completion (EAC) when the current cost performance is expected to continue in the future?

A

EAC = BAC / CPI

36
Q

What is the formula for Estimate at Completion (EAC) when the current cost performance is atypical for future project work, and the future cost performance is expected to be in line with the original estimate?

A

EAC = AC + (BAC - EV)

37
Q

What is the formula for Estimate At Completion (EAC) when the project is having a negative cost performance to date, and needs to meet a deadline?

A

EAC = AC + (BAC - EV) / (SPI * CPI)

38
Q

What is the formula for To-Complete Performance Index (TCPI) based on Budget At Completion (BAC)?

A

TCPI = (BAC - EV) / (BAC - AC)

39
Q

What is the formula for To-Complete Performance Index (TCPI) based on Estimate At Completion (EAC)?

A

TCPI = (BAC - EV) / (EAC - AC)

40
Q

What is the formula for Estimate to Complete (ETC)?

A

ETC = EAC - AC or Reestimate the remaining work from the bottom-up

41
Q

What is the formula for Variance at Completion (VAC)?

A

VAC = BAC - EAC

42
Q

What is the formula for Point of Total Assumption (PTA)?

A

PTA = ((Ceiling Price - Target Price) / Buyer’s Share Ratio) + Target Cost

43
Q

What is the formula for Present Value (PV)?

A

PV = FV / (1 + r) ^ n where FV is the future value, r is the interest rate and n is the number of time periods

44
Q

(Gain from an investment - Cost of the Investment) / Cost of the Investment is the formula for?

A

Return on Investment (ROI)

PMP - BrainBOK (30 decks)

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