Isomers Flashcards
Most organic compounds are known to have similar molecular formula but differ greatly in their propertie
isomers
two types of isomers
constitutional isomer
stereoisomer
differ on how atoms are connected to each other
constitutional isomer
the atoms bonded to each other is the same but their orientation in space differs
stereoisomers
different connectivity of the isomers
constitutional isomers
different orientation in space
stereoisomer
type of constitutional isomer
skeletal isomer
functional isomer
positional isomer
type of constitutional isomer where there is a different carbon skeleton
skeletal isomer
type of constitutional isomer that has a different functional group
functional isomer
type of positional isomer that has a different position of the functional group
positional isomer
type of stereoisomer where they are for alkene and cycloalkene
geometric isomers
type of stereoisomer where there is a chiral carbon
optical isomers
type of geometric isomer where there is a disubsituted alkene
cis/trans isomer
alkene geometric isoemr where H is on the same side of the double bond plane
cis isomer
alkene geometric isomer where H is on the opposite side of the double bond plane
trans isomer
alkene tri and tetra geometric alkene where priority 1 group are on the opposite side of the plane of the double bond
e-configuration
alkene tri and tetra geometric alkene where priority 1 group are on the same side of the plane of the double bond
z-configuration
type of stereoisomer where there is a chiral carbon
optical isomer
type of optical isomer where the mirror images are not superimposable
enantiomer
type of optical isomer where there are nonmirror images that are nonsuperimposable
diastereomers
molecules of identical molecular formula but different structures
isomers
compounds that have the same molecular formula but different connectivity of atoms
structural isomers
compounds that have identical formula and connectivity but differ in arrangement of atoms in space
stereoisomers
non superimposable mirror images of one another
enantiomers
all compounds that are not mirror images of one another
diastereomers