Acid Base Equilibria Flashcards
the degree of dissociation of weak acid and base is described by
Ka/Kb
General expression for Ka
= [P] / [R]
Whose definition is this
Acid β any substance that increase the H+ concentration of the solution or produces H+ in aqueous medium
Arrhenius
Whose definition is this
Base β substance that increases the OH- concentration or produces OH in aqueous medium
Arrhenius
π»πΆπ (ππ)β π»+(ππ)+πΆπβ (ππ)
what kind of acid is this
Arrhenius Acid
ππππ» (ππ)β ππ+(ππ) ππ»β (ππ)
what kind of base is this
Arrhenius base
Acid β proton (H+) donor
Whose definition of base is this
Bronsted-Lowry Acid
Base - proton (H-) acceptor
Bronsted-Lowry Base
contains one more H atom and one more + charge than the base that formed it; becomes more positive
Conjugate Acid
formed when proton is removed from an acid;
conjugate base
example of an amphoteric compound, can be an acid and base
water
Acid - electron pair acceptor
whose definition is this
Lewis
Base - electron pair donor
whose definition is this
Lewis
Identify the acid, base, conjugate acid (ca) and conjugate base (cb) in the following reaction:
H2C2O4 + HCO3- -> HC2O4- + H2CO3
β’Acid β H2C2O4
β’ Base β HCO3-
β’ Conjugate base β HC2O4-
β’ Conjugate acidβ H2CO3
Identify the acid, base, conjugate acid (ca) and conjugate base (cb) in the following reaction:
S-2 + HNO3 -> HS- + NO3+
β’ Acid β HNO3
β’ Base β S-2
β’ Conjugate acid β HS-
β’ Conjugate base β NO3
Identify the acid, base, conjugate acid (ca) and conjugate base (cb) in the following reaction:
H2PO4- + HCrO4- -> H3PO4 +CrO4-
β’ acid β HCrO4-
β’ base β H2PO4-
β’ conjugate acid β H3PO4 +
β’ conjugate base - CrO4-
write the conjugate acid for the following:
HS-
HSO4
β’HS- : H2S
β’ HSO4 : H2SO4
Write the conjugate base for the following
β’ CH3COOH β
β’ HPO4-2 β
β’ CH3COOH β CH3COO-
β’ HPO4-2 β PO4-3
may be categorized into strong and weak depending on their degree of dissociation
acid and base
are completely ionized in solution
strong base/acid
only partially disassociated
weak base/acid
Example of Strong Acids
HClO4 - Perchloric Acid
HCL - Hydrochloric Acid
HBr - Hydrobromic Acid
HI - Hydroiodic Acid
HNO3 - Nitric Acid
H2SO4 - Sulfuric Acid
Give examples of strong bases
LiOH - Lithium Hydroxide
NaOH - Sodium Hydroxide
KOH - Potassium Hydroxide
Ca(OH)2 Calcium Hydroxide
Sr(OH)2 Strontium Hydroxide
Ba(OH)2 Barium Hydroxide