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Inorganic and Organic Chemistry > Alkane Reactions > Flashcards

Alkane Reactions Flashcards

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1
Q

hydrocarbons wherein all bonds around carbon atom are single bonds, that is, all the carbon are sp3 hybridized

A

alkane

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2
Q

all the bonds are sigma bonds, the geometry is tetrahedral, and the angle between the bonds is 109.5o

what type of hybridized carbons

A

Sp3

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3
Q

general formula for alkane, where n is any integer

A

CnH2n+2

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4
Q

ethane number of C and H atoms

A

C- 2
H - 6

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5
Q

alkanes are these thus the intermolecular force of attraction amongst the molecules is wander vaals and therefore the melting point and boiling point are relatively lower than other organic compounds of the same number of carbon atoms

A

nonpolar

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6
Q

The number of carbons ____ both the melting point and boiling point

A

increase

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7
Q

The increase of the length of the carbon chain _____ the surface area of molecules

A

increases

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8
Q

as the branching increases the melting point and the boiling point ____

A

decreases

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9
Q

most important sources of alkane

A

gas and petroleum

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10
Q

process to obtain alkanes from natural sources

A

distillation

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11
Q

set a systematic way of naming organic compounds (IUPAC)

A

Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry

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12
Q

set a systematic way of naming organic compounds (IUPAC)

A

Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry

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13
Q

identify the special branched constituents

A

grade yourself accordingly

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14
Q

reaction of alkane with molecular oxygen, O2. In the presence of heat to produce carbon dioxide, CO2, and water, H2O. The general equation is written as:

A

combustion

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15
Q

what will the alkane react with in a combustion reaction

A

oxygen

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16
Q

product of combustion reaction

A

CO2 + H2O

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17
Q

draw the products of alkanes in combustion reaction

A

grade yourself accordingly

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18
Q

three possible reactions of alkanes

A

combustion
cracking
halogenation

19
Q

involves the breakdown of long chain alkanes to smaller chain alkanes with the use of high temperature or catalysts

A

cracking

20
Q

two types of cracking

A

thermal cracking
catalytic cracking

21
Q

carried out at a temperature of approximately 750oC and at a pressure of 70 atm

A

thermal cracking

22
Q

temperature and pressure of alkane cracking

A

750 degrees
70 atm

23
Q

Gives a mixture of products with a high proportion of hydrocarbons with carbon to carbon double bonds (alkenes)

A

thermal cracking

24
Q

uses a zeolite catalyst that allows cracking to take place at a lower temperature (500oC) and pressure

A

catalytic cracking

25
Q

chosen to give high percentages of hydrocarbons with between 5 and 10 carbon atoms

A

zeolites

26
Q

zeolites give high percentage of hydrocarbons between how many carbon atoms

A

5 to 10

27
Q

produces high proportions of branched alkanes and aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, which burn more evenly in car engines

A

catalytic cracking

28
Q

alkane will react with Cl2 or Br2 in the presence of UV light to produce alkyl halide

A

free radical halogenation of alkane

29
Q

form in the mechanism where alkyl halide were produced

A

free radicals

30
Q

For halogenation reaction, the carbon atom must have a hydrogen atom attached to it, therefore a ____ substituted C will not undergo halogenation.

A

quaternary

31
Q

three step of free radical halogenation

A

initiation
propagation
termination

32
Q

involves the formation of free radical when UV light reacts with the halogen, X2 (the halogen may be Cl2 or Br2)

A

initiation

33
Q

draw the initiation process of X2

A

check ppt for answer

34
Q

involves the reaction of one halogen free radial to alkane to produce alkyl free radical and HX.

A

propagation

35
Q

draw the propagation process

A

grade yourself accordingly

36
Q

when the halogen free radical and the alkyl free radical reacts with each other, the alkyl halide is formed

A

termination

37
Q

draw the termination process

A

grade yourself accordingly

38
Q

do the reaction with CH4

A

grade yourself accordingly

39
Q

read the major product formation of alkane

A

grade yourself

40
Q

initiation is what kind of reaction

A

endothermic

41
Q

radical recombination is what kind of reaction

A

always exothermic

42
Q

termination is what kind of reaction

A

always exothermic

43
Q

propagation X=Br what kind of reaction

A

endothermic

44
Q

X-Cl what kind of reaction

A

extohermic

Inorganic and Organic Chemistry (19 decks)

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