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M1 > Introduction to Viruses > Flashcards

Introduction to Viruses Flashcards

1
Q

Classification of DNA Viruses:

Parvovirus

A
  • Envelope Present - No
  • Capsid Symmetry - Icosahedral
  • DNA Structure - SS, linear
  • Medically Important Viruses - B19 virus

Causes red rash or “slapped check” on little children

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2
Q

Polyomavirus

A
  • Envelope Present - No
  • Capsid Symmetry - Icosahedral
  • DNA Structure - DS, circular, supercoiled
  • Medically Important Viruses - JC virus, BK virus
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3
Q

Classification of DNA Viruses:

Papillomavirus

A
  • Envelope Present - No
  • Capsid Symmetry - Icosahedral
  • DNA Structure - DS, circular, supercoiled
  • Medically Important Viruses - Human papiloma virus

Causes warts on hands

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4
Q

Classification of DNA Viruses:

Adenovirus

A

Envelope Present - No

Capsid Symmetry - Icosahedral

DNA Structure - DS, linear

Medically Important Viruses - Adenovirus

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5
Q

Classification of DNA Viruses:

Hepadnavirus

A
  • Envelope Present - Yes
  • Capsid Symmetry - Icosahedral
  • DNA Structure - DS, incomplete circular
  • Medically Important Viruses - Hepatitis B virus
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6
Q

Classification of DNA Viruses:

Herpesvirus

A
  • Envelope Present - Yes
  • Capsid Symmetry - Icosahedral
  • DNA Structure - DS, linear
  • Medically Important Viruses - Herpes simplex virus, varicella-zoster virus, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus

Herpes Labialis (HSV-1)

Herpes Genitalis (HSV-2)

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7
Q

Classification of DNA Viruses:

Poxavirus

A
  • Envelope Present - Yes
  • Capsid Symmetry - Complex
  • DNA Structure - DS, linear
  • Medically Important Viruses - Smallpox virus, molluscum contagiosum virus

The outer surface of the virion is composed of lipid and protein that surrounds the core, which is biconcave (dumbbell-shaped), and two lateral bodies

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8
Q

Classification of RNA Viruses:

Piconavirus

A
  • Envelope Present: No
  • Capsid Symmetry: Icosahedral
  • RNA Structure: SS linear, nonsegmented, positive polarity
  • Medically Important Viruses: Poliovirus, rhinovirus, hepatitis A virus

Uses VP1-3 and VP4 which lies under the surface of the capsid

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9
Q

Classification of RNA Viruses:

Hepevirus

A
  • Envelope Present: No
  • Capsid Symmetry: Icosahedral
  • RNA Structure: SS, linear, non-segmented, positive polarity
  • Medically Important Viruses: Hepatitis E virus
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10
Q

Classification of RNA Viruses:

Calicivirus

A
  • Envelope Present: No
  • Capsid Symmetry: Icosahedral
  • RNA Structure: SS linear, nonsegmented, positive polarity
  • Medically Important Viruses: Norwalk virus

Projectile vomiting and induced gastroenteritis

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11
Q

Classification of RNA Viruses:

Reovirus

A
  • Envelope Present: No
  • Capsid Symmetry: Icosahedral
  • RNA Structure: DS linear, 10 or 11 segments
  • Medically Important Viruses: Rotavirus
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12
Q

Classification of RNA Viruses:

Flavivirus

A
  • Envelope Present: Yes
  • Capsid Symmetry: Icosahedral
  • RNA Structure: SS linear, nonsegmented, positive polarity
  • Medically Important Viruses: Yellow fever virus, dengue virus, West Nile virus, hepatitis C virus, Zika virus

Microcephaly is induced by Zika virus

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13
Q

Classification of RNA Viruses:

Togavirus

A
  • Envelope Present: Yes
  • Capsid Symmetry: Icosahedral
  • RNA Structure: SS linear, nonsegmented positive polarity
  • Medically Important Viruses: Rubella virus
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14
Q

Classification of RNA Viruses:

Retrovirus

A
  • Envelope Present: Yes
  • Capsid Symmetry: Icosahedral
  • RNA Structure: SS linear, 2 identical strands (diploid), positive polarity
  • Medically Important Viruses: HIV, human T-cell leukemia virus
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15
Q

Classification of RNA Viruses:

Orthomyxovirus

A
  • Envelope Present: Yes
  • Capsid Symmetry: Helical
  • RNA Structure: SS linear, 8 segments, negative polarity
  • Medically Important Viruses: Influenza virus

Viruses are labeled according to an H number (for the type of hemagglutinin) and an N number (for the type of neuraminidase). There are 16 different H antigens (H1 to H16) and nine different N antigens (N1 to N9).

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16
Q

Classification of RNA Viruses:

Paramyxovirus

A
  • Envelope Present: Yes
  • Capsid Symmetry: Helical
  • RNA Structure: SS linear, nonsegmented, negative polarity
  • Medically Important Viruses: Measles virus, mumps virus, respiratory syncytial virus
17
Q

Classification of RNA Viruses:

Rhabdovirus

A
  • Envelope Present: Yes
  • Capsid Symmetry: Helical
  • RNA Structure: SS linear, nonsegmented, negative polarity
  • Medically Important Viruses: Rabies virus
18
Q

Classification of RNA Viruses:

Filovirus

A
  • Envelope Present: Yes
  • Capsid Symmetry: Helical
  • RNA Structure: SS linear, nonsegmented, negative polarity
  • Medically Important Viruses: Ebola virus, Marburg virus
19
Q

Classification of RNA Viruses:

Coronavirus

A
  • Envelope Present: Yes
  • Capsid Symmetry: Helical
  • RNA Structure: SS linear, nonsegmented, positive polarity
  • Medically Important Viruses: Coronavirus
20
Q

Classification of RNA Viruses:

Arenavirus

A
  • Envelope Present: Yes
  • Capsid Symmetry: Helical
  • RNA Structure: SS circular, 2 segments with cohesive ends, negative polarity
  • Medically Important Viruses: Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus
21
Q

Classification of RNA Viruses:

Bunyavirus

A

Envelope Present: Yes

Capsid Symmetry: Helical

RNA Structure: SS circular, 3 segments with cohesive ends, negative polarity

Medically Important Viruses: California encephalitis virus, hantavirus

22
Q

Deltavirus

A
  • Envelope Present: Yes
  • Capsid Symmetry: Uncertain
  • RNA Structure: SS circular, closed circle, negative polarity
  • Medically Important Viruses: Hepatitis delta virus
23
Q

Define virus

A

Viruses are defined as obligate, intracellular parasites

24
Q

Human viral pathogens cause disease by at least one of the following mechanisms:

A
  1. Lytic (productive) infection (cell death)
  2. Non-productive infection (oncogenic conversion)
  3. Induction of an immunopathological response by the host

Poliovirus, rabies virus and influenza virus cause disease by mechanism #1

Human Herpesvirus -8 , Hepatitis B virus and Epstein-Barr virus cause disease by mechanism #2

Hepatitis A virus and Hepatitis B virus cause disease by mechanism #3

25
Q

Viruses [do/ do not] produce exotoxins, endotoxins, capsules or other types of virulence factors that pathogenic bacteria deploy

A

Do not

M1 (48 decks)

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