Introduction to Viruses Flashcards
Classification of DNA Viruses:
Parvovirus
- Envelope Present - No
- Capsid Symmetry - Icosahedral
- DNA Structure - SS, linear
- Medically Important Viruses - B19 virus
Causes red rash or “slapped check” on little children
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/357/965/861/a_image_thumb.png?1633116215)
Polyomavirus
- Envelope Present - No
- Capsid Symmetry - Icosahedral
- DNA Structure - DS, circular, supercoiled
- Medically Important Viruses - JC virus, BK virus
Classification of DNA Viruses:
Papillomavirus
- Envelope Present - No
- Capsid Symmetry - Icosahedral
- DNA Structure - DS, circular, supercoiled
- Medically Important Viruses - Human papiloma virus
Causes warts on hands
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/357/966/271/a_image_thumb.png?1633116278)
Classification of DNA Viruses:
Adenovirus
Envelope Present - No
Capsid Symmetry - Icosahedral
DNA Structure - DS, linear
Medically Important Viruses - Adenovirus
Classification of DNA Viruses:
Hepadnavirus
- Envelope Present - Yes
- Capsid Symmetry - Icosahedral
- DNA Structure - DS, incomplete circular
- Medically Important Viruses - Hepatitis B virus
Classification of DNA Viruses:
Herpesvirus
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/357/966/612/q_image_thumb.png?1633116360)
- Envelope Present - Yes
- Capsid Symmetry - Icosahedral
- DNA Structure - DS, linear
- Medically Important Viruses - Herpes simplex virus, varicella-zoster virus, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus
Herpes Labialis (HSV-1)
Herpes Genitalis (HSV-2)
Classification of DNA Viruses:
Poxavirus
- Envelope Present - Yes
- Capsid Symmetry - Complex
- DNA Structure - DS, linear
- Medically Important Viruses - Smallpox virus, molluscum contagiosum virus
The outer surface of the virion is composed of lipid and protein that surrounds the core, which is biconcave (dumbbell-shaped), and two lateral bodies
Classification of RNA Viruses:
Piconavirus
- Envelope Present: No
- Capsid Symmetry: Icosahedral
- RNA Structure: SS linear, nonsegmented, positive polarity
- Medically Important Viruses: Poliovirus, rhinovirus, hepatitis A virus
Uses VP1-3 and VP4 which lies under the surface of the capsid
Classification of RNA Viruses:
Hepevirus
- Envelope Present: No
- Capsid Symmetry: Icosahedral
- RNA Structure: SS, linear, non-segmented, positive polarity
- Medically Important Viruses: Hepatitis E virus
Classification of RNA Viruses:
Calicivirus
- Envelope Present: No
- Capsid Symmetry: Icosahedral
- RNA Structure: SS linear, nonsegmented, positive polarity
- Medically Important Viruses: Norwalk virus
Projectile vomiting and induced gastroenteritis
Classification of RNA Viruses:
Reovirus
- Envelope Present: No
- Capsid Symmetry: Icosahedral
- RNA Structure: DS linear, 10 or 11 segments
- Medically Important Viruses: Rotavirus
Classification of RNA Viruses:
Flavivirus
- Envelope Present: Yes
- Capsid Symmetry: Icosahedral
- RNA Structure: SS linear, nonsegmented, positive polarity
- Medically Important Viruses: Yellow fever virus, dengue virus, West Nile virus, hepatitis C virus, Zika virus
Microcephaly is induced by Zika virus
Classification of RNA Viruses:
Togavirus
- Envelope Present: Yes
- Capsid Symmetry: Icosahedral
- RNA Structure: SS linear, nonsegmented positive polarity
- Medically Important Viruses: Rubella virus
Classification of RNA Viruses:
Retrovirus
- Envelope Present: Yes
- Capsid Symmetry: Icosahedral
- RNA Structure: SS linear, 2 identical strands (diploid), positive polarity
- Medically Important Viruses: HIV, human T-cell leukemia virus
Classification of RNA Viruses:
Orthomyxovirus
- Envelope Present: Yes
- Capsid Symmetry: Helical
- RNA Structure: SS linear, 8 segments, negative polarity
- Medically Important Viruses: Influenza virus
Viruses are labeled according to an H number (for the type of hemagglutinin) and an N number (for the type of neuraminidase). There are 16 different H antigens (H1 to H16) and nine different N antigens (N1 to N9).