Introduction To Disease Flashcards
The body changes constantly inside and outside the body, and yet a steady state is generally maintained, called
Homeostasis
A significant disturbance in the homeostasis of the body triggers a variety of responses that often produce
Disease
Knowledge of normal structure
Anatomy
Knowledge of normal function
Physiology
Study of disease in general
Pathology
The study of the physiological processes leading up to disease
Pathophysiology
Objective evidence of disease observed on physical examination, such as abnormal pulse or respiratory rate, fever, sweating, and pallor
Signs
Subjective indications of disease reported by the patient, such as pain, dizziness, and itching
Symptoms
Certain sense of signs and symptoms occur concurrently in some diseases, and the combination is called
Syndrome
The use of scientific or clinical methods to determine the nature of the disease
Diagnosis
The predicted course and outcome of the disease
Prognosis
A disease with a sudden onset and short duration
Acute
A disease with slower, less severe onset and a long duration of months or years
Chronic
Diseases that will end in death
Terminal
Signs and symptoms of the disease may at times subside, during the period known as
Remission
Signs and symptoms may recur in all their severity in the period of
Exacerbation
Occurs when a disease returns weeks or months after it’s apparent cessation
Relapse
A disease or other abnormal state that develops in the person already suffering from a disease
Complication
The aftermath of a particular disease
Sequela
A measure of the number of deaths attributed to a disease in a given population over a given period of time
Mortality
A measure of the disability and extend of illness caused by a disease
Morbidity
Describes the number of cases of a disease occurring at a given time in a specific population
Prevalence
Describes the number of new cases of a disease at a given time in a specified population
Incidence
The study of the occurrence, transmission, distribution, and control of disease
Epidemiology
Cause of a disease
Etiology
The source or cause of a disease, together with its development
Pathogenesis
If the cause of a disease is not known, it is
Idiopathic
Could be a damaged gene or enzyme, or abnormal cells, tissues, organs
Lesion
Predispose an individual to the development of a disease
Risk factors
Treatment designed to relieve and manage the symptoms of the disease without addressing the cause
Palliative, or symptomatic
Review questions on page 8
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